CONTENTS Title Page Copyright Page Preface 1 Fault-Isolation Overview 1.1 Understanding the DECnet/OSI Network Model 1.1.1 OSI Network Layer Functions 1.1.2 DNA Layer Functions 1.2 Classifying Problems 1.2.1 Reproducible Problems 1.2.2 Intermittent Problems 1.2.3 Transient Problems 1.3 DECnet/OSI Component Relationships 1.3.1 Component Relationships (OpenVMS Only) 1.3.2 Component Relationships (DEC OSF/1 Only) 1.4 Methods for Isolating Faults 1.4.1 Questions to Ask Yourself 1.4.2 Fault Isolation in the DECnet/OSI Environment 1.4.3 DECnet/OSI Fault-Isolation Methodology 1.4.4 Isolating Faults for Reproducible Problems 1.4.5 Isolating Faults for Intermittent or Transient Problems 1.4.6 Documenting the Fault-Isolation Process and Problem Solution 2 Preparing for Problem Solving 2.1 DECnet/OSI Symptom Table 2.2 Types of Problem Solving Information 2.2.1 Definitions 2.2.2 Tools and Commands to Use 2.3 Understanding Your Network Topology 2.3.1 The decnet_migrate Tool 2.3.2 When to Use the decnet_migrate Tool 2.3.3 References 2.4 Recognizing Node Names and Synonyms 2.4.1 Identifying Node Names 2.4.2 Finding Node Names and Node Synonyms 2.5 Finding the Operating System and Version 2.6 Getting DECnet/OSI Circuit Information 2.6.1 Routing DECnet/OSI Circuit Information for Problem Solving 2.6.2 Finding Routing Circuit Names, Types, and States 2.6.3 Considerations for Broadcast Circuit Adjacencies 2.7 Preparing to Find a Network Path 2.7.1 Types of Network Information to Find 2.7.2 Finding Node Addresses for Node Names 2.7.3 Determining Network Entity Titles for DECnet/OSI Nodes 2.7.4 Converting Phase IV Addresses to NSAPs 2.7.5 Converting NSAP Addresses to Phase IV Format 2.8 Tracing DECnet/OSI Network Paths 2.8.1 Tracing the Network Path of DECnet/OSI Nodes 2.8.2 Tracing a Network Path in a Mixed Environment 2.8.3 X.25 DA Circuit Considerations 3 Testing Network Reachability 3.1 Types of Network Reachability Tests 3.1.1 Types of Loopback Tests 3.1.2 Using Loopback Tests on Phase IV Nodes 3.1.3 Types of dts/dtr Tests 3.2 OSI Echo Function Overview (DEC OSF/1 Only) 3.2.1 OSI ping Command Syntax 3.2.2 Restrictions 3.3 Node-Level Loopback Tests Overview 3.3.1 When to Use Node-Level Loopback Tests 3.3.2 Analyzing Local-to-Local Node Loopback Test Results 3.3.3 Log File for Local-to-local Node Loopback Tests 3.3.4 Local-to-Local Node Loopback Figure 3.3.5 Analyzing Local-to-Remote Node Loopback Test Results 3.3.6 Local-to-Remote Loopback Test Figure 3.4 Running Node-Level Loopback Tests 3.4.1 Node-Level Loopback Command Parameters 3.4.2 Example of Node-Level Loopback Test 3.5 Circuit-Level Loopback Test Overview 3.5.1 Circuit-Level Loopback Test Figure 3.5.2 Identifying Node Addresses for Circuit-Level Loopback Tests 3.6 Preparing for Circuit-Level Loopback Tests 3.6.1 Example of Circuit-Level Loopback Preparation 3.7 Running Circuit-Level Loopback Tests 3.7.1 Circuit-Level Loopback Command Parameters 3.7.2 Example of Circuit-Level Loopback Test 3.8 Running Circuit-Level Loopback Tests with Assistance 3.8.1 When to Use Assistance 3.8.2 Using Assistance for Fault Isolation 3.8.3 Starting a Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Assistance 3.8.4 Assistance Parameters 3.8.5 Example of Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Full Assistance 3.8.6 Example of Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Transmit Assistance 3.8.7 Example of Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Receive Assistance 3.9 Running LAN Loopback Tests with LLC Messages 3.9.1 Starting the LAN Loopback Test 3.9.2 LAN Loopback Test Command Parameters 3.9.3 Determining Logical Link Control Types on a Remote Node 3.10 Running dts/dtr Tests 3.10.1 Starting dts/dtr Tests 3.10.2 dts Command Syntax 3.10.3 General Command Syntax Conventions 3.10.4 Examples of Using dts/dtr Test Command Procedures 3.11 Running dts/dtr Connect Tests 3.11.1 dts/dtr Connect Test Command Syntax 3.11.2 Example of dts/dtr Connect Test Command 3.12 Running dts/dtr Data Tests 3.12.1 dts/dtr Data Test Command Syntax 3.12.2 Example of dts/dtr Data Test Command 3.13 Running dts/dtr Disconnect Tests 3.13.1 dts/dtr Disconnect Test Command Syntax 3.13.2 Example of dts/dtr Disconnect Test Command 3.14 Running dts/dtr Interrupt Tests 3.14.1 Interrupt Test Command Syntax 3.14.2 Example of dts/dtr Interrupt Test Command 4 Solving DECnet/OSI Application Problems 4.1 Underlying Components for DECnet/OSI Applications (OpenVMS Only) 4.2 Underlying Components for DECnet/OSI Applications (DEC OSF/1 Only) 4.3 Symptoms of DECnet/OSI Application Problems 4.3.1 Problem Symptoms for All Systems 4.3.2 Problems Symptoms for OpenVMS Systems Only 4.3.3 Problems Symptoms for DEC OSF/1 Systems Only 4.4 Isolating DECnet/OSI Application Faults 4.4.1 Tools to Use 4.4.2 References 4.5 Using Event Logging and Log Files 4.5.1 Enabling Network Event Logging (OpenVMS Only) 4.5.2 Using Logging for FTAM Upper Layers Only (OpenVMS Only) 4.5.3 Using the FTAM Responder Log File (OpenVMS Only) 4.6 Isolating Faults Using Management Tools (OpenVMS Only) 4.6.1 Management Considerations 4.7 Tracing Overview 4.7.1 Trace Files 4.7.2 Security Information in Tracing 4.8 Tracing FTAM and Virtual Terminal Connections 4.8.1 Generating a Binary Trace File (OpenVMS Only) 4.8.2 Generating a Binary Trace File (DEC OSF/1 Only) 4.8.3 Generating a Readable Trace File 4.8.4 ositrace Command Options (DEC OSF/1 Only) 4.9 Diagnosing Failed Inbound FTAM Tracing Attempts (OpenVMS Only) 4.10 Reading Trace Files 4.10.1 Interpreting Trace Information 4.11 Correcting FTAM Application Problems 4.12 Correcting FTAM File-Handling Problems 4.12.1 Checking Foreign Filename Formats 4.12.2 Correcting File Problems 4.13 Correcting General FTAM Connection Problems 4.14 Correcting FTAM and Virtual Terminal Connection Problems (DEC OSF/1 Only) 4.14.1 Address in Use 4.14.2 Network is Unreachable 4.14.3 Connection Refused 4.14.4 Connection Timed Out 4.15 Correcting FTAM and Virtual Terminal Responder Problems (OpenVMS Only) 4.15.1 Correcting Unexpected Termination Problems 4.15.2 Correcting Responder Starting Problems 4.16 Correcting FTAM and Virtual Terminal Responder Problems (DEC OSF/1 Only) 4.17 Correcting FTAM Environment Problems (OpenVMS Only) 4.18 Correcting Target SAP Connection Problems 4.18.1 Correcting FTAM Physical and Data Link Problems 4.18.2 Correcting Network Connection Problems 4.18.3 Correcting FTAM and VT Transport Problems 4.18.4 Correcting FTAM and VT Session Problems (OpenVMS Only) 4.18.5 Correcting FTAM and VT Presentation Problems (OpenVMS Only) 4.19 Correcting Problems with Applications Using OSAK 4.19.1 Correcting Connection Problems 4.19.2 Correcting Unexpected Termination Problems 4.19.3 Correcting Programming Problems 5 Solving Session Control Problems 5.1 Underlying Components for Session Control (OpenVMS Only) 5.2 Underlying Components for Session Control (DEC OSF/1 Only) 5.2.1 References 5.3 Symptoms of Session Control Problems 5.4 Isolating Session Control Faults 5.4.1 Tools and Commands to Use 5.4.2 Fault-Isolation Methodology 5.5 Correcting Unknown Application Problems 5.6 Correcting Application Too Busy Problems 5.7 Correcting Access Control Problems 5.7.1 Correcting Proxy Access Problems (OpenVMS Only) 5.7.2 Correcting Proxy Access Problems (DEC OSF/1 Only) 5.7.3 Correcting Node Name Validation Problems 5.8 Correcting Insufficient Resource Problems 5.9 Correcting Timed Out Problems 5.10 Correcting Node Name Resolution Problems 5.10.1 Tracing Node Name Resolution Problems (OpenVMS Only) 5.10.2 Tracing Node Name Resolution Problems (DEC OSF/1 Only) 5.10.3 Displaying Search Path Information 5.10.4 Identifying Namespace Consistency Problems 6 Solving Transport Problems 6.1 Underlying Components (OpenVMS Only) 6.2 Underlying Components (DEC OSF/1 Only) 6.3 Symptoms of Transport Problems 6.4 Isolating Transport Layer Problems 6.4.1 Tools to Use 6.4.2 Fault-Isolation Methodology 6.5 Correcting Connection Problems 6.5.1 Checking Ports 6.5.2 Checking NSAP Counters 6.6 Correcting OSI Transport Over CLNS Connection Problems 6.7 Correcting OSI Transport Over CONS (X.25) Connection Problems 6.8 Troubleshooting RFC1006 6.8.1 Common Problems 7 Solving Network Layer Problems 7.1 Underlying Entities (OpenVMS Only) 7.2 Underlying Entities (DEC OSF/1 Only) 7.3 Symptoms of Network Layer Problems 7.4 Isolating Network Layer Problems 7.4.1 Tools to Use 7.4.2 Fault-Isolation Methodology 7.5 Finding Underlying Entities 7.5.1 Finding the Underlying Entities for HDLC Circuits 7.5.2 Finding the HDLC Circuits for a Physical Device 7.5.3 Finding the Underlying Entities for DDCMP Circuits (OpenVMS Only) 7.5.4 Finding the DDCMP Circuits for a Physical Device (OpenVMS Only) 7.5.5 Finding the Underlying Entities for CSMA/CD Circuits 7.5.6 Finding the CSMA/CD Circuit for a Physical Device 7.5.7 Finding the Underlying Entities for FDDI Circuits 7.5.8 Finding the FDDI Circuit for a Physical Device 7.5.9 Finding the Underlying Entities for Token Ring Circuits (DEC OSF/1 Only) 7.5.10 Finding the Token Ring Circuit for a Physical Device (DEC OSF/1 Only) 7.6 Correcting Configuration Problems 7.6.1 Correcting DDCMP (OpenVMS Only) and HDLC Data Link Configuration Problems 7.6.2 Correcting CSMA/CD Data Link Configuration Problems 7.7 Correcting Connectivity Problems A Using the OSAKtrace Utility A.1 Introduction to OSAKtrace A.1.1 OSAKtrace Components A.1.2 What OSAKtrace Captures A.1.3 OSAKtrace Output A.2 Using OSAKtrace A.2.1 Using the Trace Utility A.2.2 Enabling OSAKtrace A.2.3 Running the OSAKtrace Analyzer A.3 Interpreting OSAKtrace Output A.3.1 Layout of a Trace Text File A.3.2 Rules for the Display of User Data A.3.3 Layout of Headers-Only Transport and Session Trace Data B DECnet/OSI Application Tracing Examples B.1 DECnet/OSI Application Trace Example B.1.1 Association Establishment - Initiator B.1.2 Association Establishment - Responder B.1.3 Passing User Data - Responder FIGURES 1-1 DECnet/OSI Network Model 1-2 Component Relationships (OpenVMS) 1-3 Component Relationships (DEC OSF/1) 1-4 Fault-Isolation Methodology (General) 3-1 Local-to-Local Loopback Test 3-2 Local-to-Remote Loopback Test 3-3 Circuit-Level Loopback Test 3-4 Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Full Assistance 3-5 Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Transmit Assistance 3-6 Circuit-Level Loopback Test with Receive Assistance 4-1 Underlying DECnet/OSI Components (OpenVMS) 4-2 Underlying DECnet/OSI Components (DEC OSF/1) 5-1 Underlying Components for Session Control (OpenVMS) 5-2 Underlying Components for Session Control (DEC OSF/1) 5-3 Fault-Isolation Methodology (Session Control) 6-1 Underlying Components (OpenVMS) 6-2 Underlying Components (DEC OSF/1) 6-3 Fault-Isolation Methodology (Transport) 7-1 Underlying Entities (OpenVMS) 7-2 Underlying Entities (DEC OSF/1) 7-3 Fault-Isolation Methodology (Circuit Connectivity) A-1 Components of OSAKtrace Utility A-2 The Contents of a TSDU A-3 DCS Table A-4 Analysis of a TSDU A-5 Headers-Only Transport and Session Trace Data TABLES 1-1 OSI Network Layers 1-2 DNA Network Layers 2-1 DECnet/OSI Symptom Table 2-2 Problem Solving Tools and Commands 2-3 Phase IV and DECnet/OSI Node Name Differences 2-4 Types of Network Information to Trace 4-1 Symptoms and Problems for All Systems 4-2 Symptoms and Problems for OpenVMS 4-3 Symptoms and Problems for DEC OSF/1 4-4 Tools for Isolating Application Faults 5-1 Symptoms of Session Control Problems 7-1 Symptoms of Network Layer Problems A-1 A Comparison of the Two Methods of Tracing A-2 Meanings of Configuration Options