CONTENTS Title Page Copyright Page Preface 1 Overview of This Manual 1.1 Using the OpenVMS System Manager's Manual 1.2 How This Manual Relates to Other System Management Documentation 1.3 Finding Information About Managing Complex Environments 1.4 Finding Information About Managing Small Systems 2 Using OpenVMS System Management Utilities and Tools 2.1 Understanding OpenVMS System Management Tools 2.1.1 OpenVMS Management Station 2.1.1.1 Managing Resources 2.1.1.2 Managing Operations 2.1.2 DCL Commands 2.1.3 System Messages 2.1.4 DCL Command Procedures 2.1.5 System Management Utilities 2.1.6 MGRMENU.COM Command Procedure 2.2 Logging In to the SYSTEM Account 2.3 Using the System Management Utility (SYSMAN) to Centralize System Management 2.3.1 Understanding SYSMAN 2.3.1.1 Privileges Required 2.3.1.2 Tools and Commands 2.3.2 Enabling a Remote System to Execute SYSMAN Commands 2.3.3 Understanding a SYSMAN Management Environment 2.3.4 Defining the SYSMAN Management Environment 2.3.4.1 Defining Another Node as the Environment 2.3.4.2 Using Logical Names to Organize Management Environments 2.3.4.3 Defining a VMScluster Environment 2.3.5 Understanding Your SYSMAN Profile 2.3.6 Adjusting Your SYSMAN Profile 2.3.6.1 Changing Your Current Privileges 2.3.6.2 Changing Your Default Device and Directory 2.3.7 Setting DCL Verification 2.3.8 Executing DCL Commands from SYSMAN 2.3.9 Creating SYSMAN Command Procedures 2.3.10 Setting Up SYSMAN with an Initialization File 2.4 Using OPCOM to Communicate with System Users 2.4.1 Starting OPCOM 2.4.2 Sending Messages to Users 2.4.3 Controlling the Use of OPA0: as an Operator Terminal 2.4.4 Designating Operator Terminals 2.4.5 Sending Requests to an Operator 2.4.6 Replying to Operator Requests 2.5 Using VMSKITBLD.COM to Modify a System Disk 2.5.1 Using VMSKITBLD.COM to Build a New System Disk 2.5.1.1 Completing a System Disk Built with VMSKITBLD.COM 2.5.2 Using VMSKITBLD.COM to Copy System Files to an Existing Disk 2.5.3 Using VMSKITBLD.COM to Add an Alternate System Root Directory 2.5.3.1 Configuring a System Root Added with VMSKITBLD 3 Installing, Upgrading, and Updating Software 3.1 Installing, Upgrading, and Updating the Operating System 3.1.1 Installing or Upgrading the OpenVMS Alpha Operating System 3.1.2 Installing or Upgrading from a Running Alpha System 3.1.3 Installing the OpenVMS VAX Operating System 3.1.4 Upgrading the OpenVMS VAX Operating System 3.1.5 Updating the OpenVMS Alpha or OpenVMS VAX Operating System 3.2 Installing or Upgrading Layered Products 3.3 Preparing Your System to Run VMSINSTAL.COM 3.3.1 Performing Preliminary Operations 3.3.2 Registering and Loading Licenses 3.3.3 Preventing Nodes from Sharing PAKs 3.4 Running VMSINSTAL.COM 3.4.1 Selecting a Product List 3.4.2 Selecting the Source 3.4.3 Selecting Options 3.4.4 Selecting the Destination 3.4.5 Verifying, Logging, and Confirming the Operation 3.4.6 Completing the Installation 3.5 Recovering from a System Failure 3.6 Selecting VMSINSTAL.COM Options 3.6.1 Using the Autoanswer Option ( A ) (Layered Products Only) 3.6.2 Using the Alternate Working Device Option (AWD=) 3.6.3 Using the Get Save Set Option ( G ) (Layered Products Only) 3.6.3.1 Storing a Product Save Set 3.6.3.2 Installing a Product 3.6.3.3 Specifying Backup Qualifiers 3.6.4 Using the File Log Option ( L ) 3.6.5 Using the Release Notes Option ( N ) 3.6.6 Using the Alternate Root Option ( R ) 3.7 Using the POLYCENTER Software Installation Utility 3.7.1 Interfaces to Use 3.7.2 Operations to Perform 3.7.3 Product Files and Databases 3.7.4 Format of Software Product Kits 3.7.5 Software Product Name Conventions 3.7.5.1 Version Identification Format 3.7.5.2 Looking at Software Product Name Examples 3.7.6 Creating a Product Configuration File (PCF) 3.7.6.1 Configuration Options 3.7.6.2 Configuration Commands 3.7.6.3 Recording Configuration Choices 3.7.6.4 Modifying an Existing PCF 3.7.7 Using a Product Database 3.7.7.1 Adding Information to the Database 3.7.7.2 Registering a Noncompliant Product 3.7.7.3 Detecting and Tracking Software Dependencies 3.8 Installing with the POLYCENTER Software Installation Utility 3.8.1 Performing Preliminary Steps 3.8.1.1 Assigning Privileges 3.8.1.2 Installing Prerequisite Software 3.8.1.3 Identifying Postinstallation Procedures 3.8.2 Extracting a Product's Release Notes 3.8.3 Installing a Product 3.8.3.1 Using an Existing PCF 3.8.3.2 Creating a New PCF During the Installation 3.8.4 Responding to Installation Questions 3.8.4.1 Requesting an Explanation to Questions 3.8.4.2 Accepting Default Answers 3.8.5 Confirming Your Answers 3.8.6 Performing the Installation as a Batch Job 3.9 Performing Other Operations on Installed Software Products 3.9.1 Reconfiguring an Installed Product 3.9.2 Recording a Change in Volume Label in the Product Database 3.9.3 Copying a Software Kit to a New Location 3.9.4 Converting a Software Kit from One Format to Another 3.9.5 Retrieving Product Information 3.9.5.1 Displaying Information About Objects 3.9.5.2 Displaying Information About the Products 3.10 Removing Installed Software Products and Kits 3.11 Using the DECwindows Motif Interface 3.11.1 The POLYCENTER Software Installation Utility Main Window 3.11.2 Specifying Operations to Perform 3.11.3 Selecting Products and Product Options 3.11.4 Performing an Operation 3.11.5 Customizing the DECwindows Motif Interface 4 Starting Up and Shutting Down the System 4.1 Understanding Booting and System Startup 4.1.1 Booting and Startup Processes 4.1.2 Types of Booting Operations 4.1.2.1 Nonstop Boot: The Most Common Booting Operation 4.1.2.2 Conversational Boot: For Special Booting Functions 4.1.3 System Startup and STARTUP.COM 4.1.4 Messages Indicating Booting and Startup Progress 4.2 Booting with Modified System Parameter Values 4.2.1 Booting After Showing or Modifying Individual System Parameter Values 4.2.2 Booting with an Alternate System Parameter File 4.3 Booting in an Emergency 4.3.1 Booting with Default System Parameters 4.3.2 Booting Without Startup and Login Procedures 4.3.3 Booting Without the User Authorization File 4.4 Booting with Controlled Startup 4.4.1 Booting with an Alternate Site-Independent Startup Procedure 4.4.2 Specifying an Alternate Default Startup Command Procedure 4.4.3 Booting with Minimum Startup 4.4.4 Booting While Displaying Startup Procedure Commands 4.4.5 Displaying Startup Procedure Commands with SYSMAN 4.5 Solving Booting Problems 4.6 Writing a New Boot Block on the System Disk 4.7 Using the Snapshot Facility to Reboot Nonclustered Systems (VAX Only) 4.7.1 Preparing Your Workstation for a System Image Snapshot (VAX Only) 4.7.2 Taking the Saved Image Snapshot (VAX Only) 4.7.3 Problem Solving When Using the Snapshot Facility (VAX Only) 4.8 Shutting Down the System 4.8.1 Performing an Orderly Shutdown with SHUTDOWN.COM 4.8.2 Understanding the Order of Shutdown Events 4.8.3 Customizing SHUTDOWN.COM to Perform Site-Specific Operations 4.8.3.1 Defining Logical Names 4.8.3.2 Modifying the Site-Specific Shutdown Command Procedure 4.8.4 Performing an Orderly Shutdown with the System Management Utility (SYSMAN) 4.8.5 Performing an Emergency Shutdown with the OPCCRASH.EXE Program 4.8.6 Performing an Emergency Shutdown Using Console Commands 5 Customizing the Operating System 5.1 Adding and Deleting Optional Files 5.2 Modifying Site-Specific Startup Command Procedures 5.2.1 Understanding Site-Specific Startup Command Procedures 5.2.2 Understanding the Order of Startup Events 5.2.3 Modifying SYPAGSWPFILES.COM to Install Page and Swap Files 5.2.4 Modifying SYCONFIG.COM to Configure Devices 5.2.4.1 Connecting Nonstandard Devices 5.2.4.2 Suppressing Autoconfiguration of Devices 5.2.5 Modifying SYLOGICALS.COM to Define Systemwide Logical Names 5.2.6 Modifying SYSECURITY.COM to Set Up Security Auditing 5.2.7 Modifying SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM to Perform General Operations 5.2.7.1 Mounting Public Disks 5.2.7.2 Mounting Disks That Must Be Available Early in Startup 5.2.7.3 Setting Terminal and Printer Characteristics 5.2.7.4 Starting Queues and Enabling Autostart for Queues 5.2.7.5 Installing Known Images 5.2.7.6 Installing Resident Images (Alpha Only) 5.2.7.7 Setting Up the OpenVMS InfoServer Client Software 5.2.7.8 Running the System Dump Analyzer 5.2.7.9 Purging the Operator Log File 5.2.7.10 Submitting Batch Jobs to Run at Startup Time 5.2.7.11 Creating Systemwide Announcements 5.2.7.12 Starting Up and Customizing the LAT Protocol Software 5.2.7.13 Starting the DECnet for OpenVMS Network 5.2.7.14 Starting the DIBOL Message Manager 5.2.7.15 Defining the Number of Interactive Users 5.3 Modifying Login Command Procedures to Customize User Environments 5.4 Customizing Startup Databases with the System Management Utility (SYSMAN) 5.4.1 Understanding Startup Databases 5.4.2 Understanding the Layered Product Startup Database 5.4.3 Specifying the Current Startup Database 5.4.4 Showing the Name of the Target Startup Database 5.4.5 Showing the Contents of a Startup Database 5.4.6 Adding Startup Files to a Startup Database 5.4.7 Changing Information Associated with a Startup File 5.4.8 Deleting a Record from a Startup Database 5.4.9 Preventing a Startup File from Executing 5.4.10 Allowing a Previously Disabled Startup File to Execute 5.5 Registering Images That Have System Version Dependencies (VAX Only) 5.5.1 Understanding System Version Dependency and the Image Registry (VAX Only) 5.5.2 Using the Image Registry Facility (VAX Only) 5.6 Customizing the Help Message Database 5.6.1 Accessing $STATUS Values for Uninstalled Messages 5.6.2 Creating System-Level Database Search Paths 5.6.3 Deleting Digital-Supplied Messages from the Database 5.6.4 Adding Comments to Digital-Supplied Messages 5.6.5 Changing Digital-Supplied Data 5.6.6 Adding Messages to Digital-Supplied Database Files 5.7 Customizing MAIL 5.8 Setting Up Your System to Compensate for Different Time Zones 5.8.1 Understanding the Time Differential Factor (TDF) 5.8.2 Determining Your System's Time Differential Factor (TDF) 5.8.3 Using the UTC$CONFIGURE_TDF.COM Command Procedure 5.8.4 Setting Your System's TDF Using DAYLIGHT_SAVINGS.COM 5.8.5 Setting Time in a VMScluster Environment 5.9 Choosing Languages, and Date and Time Formats 5.9.1 Specifying Languages Other Than English 5.9.2 Invoking LIB$DT_STARTUP.COM 5.9.3 Defining System Default Date and Time Formats 5.9.3.1 Defining Your Own Format 5.9.3.2 Using Predefined Formats 5.9.4 User Definitions of Language, and Date and Time Formats 5.10 Saving Your Customization 6 Managing User Accounts 6.1 Understanding the User Authorization File (UAF) 6.1.1 Priority 6.1.2 Limits and Quotas 6.1.3 Privileges 6.2 Understanding the Protection of Authorization Files 6.3 Understanding UAF Login Checks 6.4 Managing System-Supplied UAF Accounts 6.4.1 Understanding System-Supplied UAF Accounts 6.4.2 Creating Accounts on Alpha Systems (Alpha Only) 6.4.2.1 Creating Field Service Accounts (Alpha Only) 6.4.2.2 Creating SYSTEST and SYSTEST_CLIG Accounts (Alpha Only) 6.4.3 Maintaining System-Supplied Accounts (VAX Only) 6.4.4 Using the SYSTEM Account 6.4.5 Using AUTHORIZE to Maintain UAF Accounts 6.5 Preparing to Add User Accounts 6.5.1 Choosing an Account Type 6.5.2 Performing Additional Tasks 6.5.2.1 Selecting a User Name and Password 6.5.2.2 Assigning the User Identification Code (UIC) 6.5.2.3 Adding a Disk Quota Entry 6.5.2.4 Setting the User Default Device for an Interactive Account 6.5.2.5 Setting the User Default Device for a Captive Account 6.5.3 Understanding Account Security 6.6 Adding User Accounts 6.6.1 Adding a User Account with AUTHORIZE 6.6.2 Adding a User Account with a Command Procedure 6.7 Maintaining User Accounts 6.7.1 Using Command Procedures for Interactive Accounts 6.7.2 Modifying a User Account 6.7.3 Listing User Accounts 6.7.4 Maintaining the User Environment 6.7.5 Deleting a User Account 6.7.6 Using BACKUP to Remove User Files 6.7.7 Disabling a User Account 6.8 Restricting the Use of Accounts 6.8.1 Setting Day Types 6.8.2 Restricting Logins to Specific Times 6.8.3 Restricting Login Functions 6.8.4 Using Login Command Procedures for Restricted or Captive Accounts 6.8.5 Setting Priorities for User Processes 6.9 Setting Up Special Accounts 6.9.1 Setting Up an Automatic Login Account with SYSMAN 6.9.2 Setting Up a Project Account with ACL Identifiers 6.9.3 Understanding Network Proxy Accounts 6.9.4 Creating Network Proxy Authorization Files 6.9.5 Adding Proxy Accounts 6.9.6 Removing Proxy Accounts 6.9.7 Displaying Proxy Accounts 6.9.8 Controlling Proxy Logins 6.10 Managing MAIL 6.10.1 Modifying a User Record 6.10.2 Removing a User Record 6.10.3 AUTHORIZE Flags and MAIL 6.11 Managing System Resources 6.11.1 Understanding Pages and Pagelets 6.11.2 Setting Limits on System Resources 7 Managing Peripheral Devices 7.1 Understanding Device Names 7.2 Getting Information About Devices on the System 7.2.1 Determining If Volumes Need Rebuilding 7.2.2 Getting Information About ISO 9660-Formatted Devices 7.3 Setting Security Protection Characteristics on Devices 7.4 Connecting Devices and Loading Device Drivers 7.4.1 Manually Connecting Devices and Loading Device Drivers (VAX Only) 7.4.2 Manually Connecting Devices and Loading Device Drivers (Alpha Only) 7.4.3 Suppressing Autoconfiguration of Devices 7.5 Managing Terminals 7.5.1 Setting Terminal Characteristics 7.5.1.1 Setting Default Characteristics with System Parameters 7.5.1.2 Setting Characteristics in System Startup 7.5.2 Managing Virtual Terminals 7.5.2.1 Using Virtual Terminals for Dynamic Asynchronous DECnet for OpenVMS (VAX Only) 7.5.2.2 Determining the Physical Terminal Type of a Virtual Terminal 7.6 Managing Printers 7.6.1 Setting Printer Characteristics 7.6.2 Using Spooled Printers 7.6.2.1 Spooling Printers 7.6.2.2 Despooling a Spooled Printer 7.6.2.3 Testing a Spooled Printer 7.7 Managing Tape Drives 7.7.1 Getting Magnetic Tape Device Information 7.7.2 Modifying Magnetic Tape Device Characteristics 7.8 Managing a Card Reader (VAX Only) 7.8.1 Distinguishing the Type of Card Deck (VAX Only) 7.8.1.1 Batch Job Card Deck (VAX Only) 7.8.1.2 Data Card Deck (VAX Only) 7.8.1.3 Setting Card Reader Translation Modes (VAX Only) 7.8.2 Running the Input Symbiont Interactively (VAX Only) 8 Managing Storage Media 8.1 Understanding Storage Media Concepts 8.1.1 Disk Concepts 8.1.1.1 Disk Terminology 8.1.1.2 Disk File Structures 8.1.1.3 CD-ROM File Structures 8.1.2 Tape Concepts 8.1.3 Public and Private Disk Volumes 8.1.3.1 Public Disk Volumes 8.1.3.2 Private Disk Volumes 8.2 Allocating and Deallocating Drives 8.2.1 Allocating Drives 8.2.2 Deallocating Drives 8.3 Initializing Volumes 8.3.1 Using INITIALIZE Command Qualifiers 8.3.2 Assisting Users in Accessing and Initializing Volumes 8.4 Protecting Volumes 8.4.1 Protecting Disk Volumes 8.4.1.1 Specifying Protection When You Initialize Disk Volumes 8.4.1.2 Changing Protection After Disk Volumes Are Mounted 8.4.1.3 Displaying UIC- and ACL-Based Protection 8.4.2 Protecting Tape Volumes 8.4.2.1 Using the /PROTECTION Qualifier with Tape Volumes 8.4.2.2 Protecting Tape Volumes for Interchange Environments 8.4.3 Auditing Volume Access 8.5 Mounting Volumes 8.5.1 Using MOUNT Command Qualifiers When You Mount Disks 8.5.2 Using MOUNT Command Qualifiers When You Mount Tapes 8.5.3 Assisting Users in Mounting Volumes 8.5.4 Mounting a Volume with Protected Subsystems 8.5.5 Modifying Disk Volume Characteristics 8.5.6 Speeding Up Disk Mounting 8.6 Setting Up Disk Volume Sets 8.6.1 Understanding Disk Volume Sets 8.6.1.1 Guidelines for Creating Disk Volume Sets 8.6.1.2 Using the /BIND Qualifier 8.6.2 Creating a Disk Volume Set from New Volumes 8.6.3 Creating a Disk Volume Set from an Existing Volume 8.6.4 Adding Volumes to an Existing Disk Volume Set 8.7 Mounting ISO 9660 Volume Sets and Groups 8.7.1 Mounting ISO 9660 Volume Sets 8.7.2 Mounting ISO 9660 Volume Groups 8.7.3 Handling Partially Mounted ISO 9660 Volume Sets 8.7.4 Handling ISO 9660 Restrictions 8.8 Mounting Tape Volume Sets 8.8.1 Creating a Tape Volume Set 8.8.2 Mounting Continuation Volumes in a Tape Volume Set 8.8.2.1 Creating Labels 8.8.2.2 Enabling Automatic Volume Switching 8.8.2.3 Disabling Automatic Switching 8.8.2.4 Sending Messages Back to Users 8.8.3 Modifying Magnetic Tape Characteristics 8.9 Dismounting Volumes and Volume Sets 8.9.1 Dismounting a Single Volume 8.9.1.1 Dismounting Before Unloading a Volume 8.9.1.2 Dismounting Allocated Devices 8.9.1.3 Using DISMOUNT Command Qualifiers 8.9.2 Dismounting a Volume Set 8.9.3 Dismounting Foreign Volumes 8.9.4 Dismounting a Volume in a VMScluster System 8.10 Using Command Procedures for Media Setup 8.10.1 Sample Command Procedure for Setting Up Disk Volumes 8.10.2 Sample Command Procedure for Setting Up Tape Volumes 8.11 Managing Disk Space 8.11.1 Understanding Disk Quotas 8.11.2 Establishing Disk Quotas 8.11.2.1 Creating a Quota File 8.11.2.2 Monitoring Disk Quotas 8.11.2.3 Suspending Quota Operations 8.11.3 Purging Files 8.11.4 Setting Version Limits on Files 8.11.5 Setting File Expiration Dates 8.12 Using the Analyze/Disk_Structure Utility to Check and Repair Disks 8.12.1 Reporting Errors 8.12.2 Reporting and Repairing Errors 8.12.3 Recovering Lost Files 8.12.4 Erasing Old Home Blocks 8.12.5 Creating a Disk Usage File 8.13 Using Mount Verification for Recovery 8.13.1 Understanding Mount Verification 8.13.2 Using Mount Verification 8.13.2.1 Enabling Mount Verification 8.13.2.2 Controlling Timeout Periods for Mount Verification 8.13.2.3 Recovering from Offline Errors 8.13.2.4 Recovering from Write-Lock Errors 8.13.2.5 Canceling Mount Verification 8.14 Using the Bad Block Locator Utility to Detect Media Errors 9 Using Files and Directories 9.1 Using DCL Commands with Files 9.2 Getting File Information 9.3 Protecting Files 9.3.1 Understanding File Protection Concepts 9.3.2 Displaying File Ownership and Protection 9.3.3 Protecting Disk Files 9.3.3.1 Setting Default Disk File Protection 9.3.3.2 Setting Explicit Disk File Protection 9.3.3.3 Modifying Disk File Protection Characteristics 9.3.3.3.1 Changing File Protection Characteristics 9.3.3.3.2 Using the SET FILE Command 9.3.4 Protecting Disk Directories 9.3.4.1 Changing Directory UIC Protection Characteristics 9.3.4.2 Changing Default ACL Protection 9.3.5 Protecting Magnetic Tape Files 9.4 Accessing Disk Files 9.5 Accessing Tape Files 9.5.1 Understanding Tape File Names 9.5.2 Locating Standard-Labeled Tape Files 9.5.3 Using Wildcard Characters with Tape Volumes 9.5.4 Reading Files on Tape Volumes 9.5.5 Writing Files to Tape Volumes 9.5.5.1 Writing New Files That Overwrite Existing Files 9.5.5.2 Appending or Updating Files 9.6 Copying and Transferring Files 9.6.1 Copying Files to Disk Volumes 9.6.2 Copying Files to Tape Volumes 9.6.3 Continuing to Copy at the End of a Tape 9.6.4 Using the Exchange Utility (EXCHANGE) 9.6.5 Using the EXCHANGE/NETWORK Command 10 Using BACKUP 10.1 Overview of BACKUP Tasks 10.2 Understanding Types of Backups 10.3 Formulating a Backup Strategy 10.4 Understanding the Backup Interfaces 10.4.1 The BACKUP Command Line 10.4.2 The Backup Manager 10.4.2.1 Backup Manager Features 10.4.2.2 Getting Started with Backup Manager 10.5 Understanding Save Sets 10.5.1 Magnetic-Tape Save Sets 10.5.2 Files-11 Disk Save Sets 10.5.3 Network Save Sets 10.5.4 Sequential-Disk Save Sets 10.6 Understanding BACKUP File Formats 10.7 Setting Process Quotas for Efficient Backups 10.8 Using Disks and Tapes 10.8.1 Understanding Volume Initialization 10.8.1.1 When to Initialize Volumes 10.8.1.2 Initializing Tapes 10.8.1.3 Initializing Disks 10.8.2 Mounting a Volume 10.8.3 Dismounting a Volume 10.9 Understanding OPCOM and Volumes 10.9.1 Requesting Operator Assistance 10.10 Listing the Contents of a BACKUP Save Set 10.11 Understanding Multivolume BACKUP Operations 10.11.1 Multivolume Tape Labeling 10.12 Understanding BACKUP Tape Label Processing 10.13 Backing Up Files and Directories 10.13.1 Copying Files to Other Files 10.13.2 Backing Up Files and Directories to a Save Set 10.13.3 Comparing Files 10.13.4 Creating and Listing BACKUP Journal Files 10.14 Restoring Files and Directories 10.14.1 Accessing Files in Deep Directory Structures 10.15 Backing Up User Disks 10.15.1 Preparing to Back Up User Disks 10.15.2 Performing Image Backups to Tape 10.15.3 Performing Image Backups to Disk 10.15.4 Performing Incremental Backups to Tape 10.15.5 Performing Incremental Backups to Disk 10.15.6 Backing Up Your Workstation Disk 10.15.6.1 Using a Command Procedure for Nightly Image Backups 10.15.6.2 Using a Command Procedure for Nightly Incremental Backups 10.15.6.3 Using an Interactive Command Procedure for Backups 10.15.7 Backing Up Volume Shadow Sets 10.15.7.1 Mounting a Disk in a Host-Based Shadow Set 10.15.7.2 Assisted Merging in Mixed-Architecture Clusters 10.16 Restoring User Disks 10.16.1 Restoring Image Backups 10.16.2 Restoring Incremental Backups 10.16.2.1 Restoring to Target Disk Structures 10.16.3 Restoring Volume Shadow Sets 10.17 Backing Up and Restoring the System Disk 10.17.1 Starting the Menu-Driven Procedure 10.17.1.1 How to Perform This Task 10.17.1.2 Example 10.17.2 Understanding Standalone BACKUP (VAX Only) 10.17.2.1 Building Standalone BACKUP on a Disk (VAX Only) 10.17.2.2 Booting Standalone BACKUP from a Disk (VAX Only) 10.17.2.3 Building Standalone BACKUP on a Tape Cartridge (VAX Only) 10.17.2.4 Booting Standalone BACKUP from a Tape Cartridge (VAX Only) 10.17.3 Backing Up the System Disk to Tape 10.17.4 Restoring the System Disk from Tape 10.17.5 Backing Up the System Disk to a Disk 10.17.6 Using InfoServer Tapes to Back Up and Restore System Disks 10.18 Ensuring Data Integrity 10.18.1 /CRC Qualifier 10.18.2 /GROUP_SIZE Qualifier 10.18.3 /IGNORE Qualifier 10.18.4 /LOG Qualifier 10.18.5 /VERIFY Qualifier 10.19 Troubleshooting 10.19.1 BACKUP Fatal Error Options 10.19.2 Tape Label Errors 11 Security Considerations 11.1 Understanding Security Management 11.2 Managing Passwords 11.2.1 Initial Passwords 11.2.2 System Passwords 11.2.3 Primary and Secondary Passwords 11.2.4 Enforcing Minimum Password Standards 11.2.5 Guidelines for Protecting Passwords 11.2.6 Password History 11.3 Using Intrusion Detection Mechanisms 11.4 Understanding Ways to Protect Objects 11.4.1 Interpreting a User Identification Code 11.4.2 Understanding Protection Codes 11.5 Creating Access Control Lists (ACLs) 11.5.1 Kinds of Entries in an ACL 11.5.2 Types of Identifiers 11.6 Assigning ACLs 11.7 Using the ACL Editor 11.7.1 Adding an Identifier ACE 11.7.2 Setting a Default Protection Code 11.7.3 Generating Security Alarms and Audits 11.8 Auditing Security-Relevant Events 11.8.1 Enabling Classes of Security Alarms 11.9 Analyzing Audit Log Files 12 Managing the Queue Manager and Queue Database 12.1 Understanding the Queue Manager 12.1.1 Queue Manager Failover 12.1.2 Multiple Queue Managers 12.2 Understanding the Queue Database 12.3 Specifying the Location of Queue Database Files 12.3.1 Master File 12.3.2 Queue and Journal Files 12.4 Starting the Queue Manager and Creating the Queue Database 12.5 Customizing Queue Manager Failover 12.6 Stopping the Queue Manager 12.7 Restarting the Queue Manager 12.8 Creating an Additional Queue Manager 12.9 Displaying Information About the Queue Manager 12.10 Saving the Queue Database 12.11 Restoring the Queue Database 12.12 Maximizing Queue System Performance 12.13 Solving Queue Manager Problems 12.13.1 Avoiding Common Problems: A Troubleshooting Checklist 12.13.2 If the Queue Manager Does Not Start 12.13.2.1 Investigating the Problem 12.13.3 If the Queuing System Stops or the Queue Manager Does Not Run on Certain Nodes 12.13.3.1 Investigating the Problem 12.13.3.2 Cause 12.13.3.3 Correcting the Problem 12.13.4 If the Queue Manager Becomes Unavailable 12.13.4.1 Correcting the Problem 12.13.5 If the Queuing System Does Not Work on a Certain VMScluster Node 12.13.5.1 Investigating the Problem 12.13.5.2 Cause 12.13.5.3 Correcting the Problem 12.13.6 If You See Inconsistent Queuing Behavior on Different VMScluster Nodes 12.13.6.1 Investigating the Problem 12.13.6.2 Cause 12.13.6.3 Correcting the Problem 12.14 Reporting a Queuing System Problem to Digital 13 Managing Batch and Print Queues 13.1 Managing Queues on Small Systems 13.2 Understanding the Queuing Process 13.3 Understanding Types of Queues 13.3.1 Batch Execution Queues 13.3.2 Output Execution Queues 13.3.3 Generic Batch Queues 13.3.4 Generic Output Queues 13.3.4.1 Logical Queues 13.4 Understanding the Autostart Feature 13.5 Designing Your Batch Queue Environment 13.5.1 Simple Batch Queue Configuration: For Limited Batch Needs 13.5.2 Specialized Batch Queues: Meeting Special Needs 13.5.3 Generic Batch Queues in a VMScluster: Distributing the Work Load 13.6 Designing Your Output Queue Environment 13.6.1 Simple Output Queue Configuration: For Limited Printing Needs 13.6.2 Mixed Printers: Specialized Output Execution Queues 13.6.3 PostScript Printing 13.6.4 LAT Printers: Sharing Printers Among Multiple Systems 13.6.5 Generic Output Queues: Distributing the Work Load 13.6.6 VMScluster Queues: Sharing Devices in a Cluster 13.6.7 Spooled Printers: Printing from Applications 13.6.8 Distributed Printing 13.7 Setting Up and Starting Queues 13.7.1 Setting Up Output Devices 13.7.2 Creating and Starting Queues 13.7.2.1 Autostart Execution Queues 13.7.2.2 Nonautostart Execution Queues 13.7.2.3 Generic Queues 13.7.3 Creating a Command Procedure to Restart Execution Queues on Reboot 13.8 Using Queue Options 13.8.1 Controlling Access to Queues 13.8.1.1 Understanding UIC-Based Queue Protection 13.8.1.2 Setting and Showing UIC-Based Queue Protection 13.8.1.3 Understanding ACL-Based Queue Protection 13.8.1.4 Setting and Showing ACL-Based Queue Protection 13.8.1.5 Understanding How Privileges Affect Queues 13.8.2 Understanding Job Retention Options 13.8.3 Understanding Queue Characteristics 13.8.4 Specifying Queue Characteristics Options 13.8.5 Specifying Batch-Processing Options 13.8.5.1 Base Process Priority 13.8.5.2 Job Limit 13.8.5.3 Working Set Default, Quota, and Extent 13.8.5.4 CPU Default and Maximum 13.8.5.5 Swapping 13.8.5.6 Setting Up Batch Queues on Memory-Constrained Systems 13.8.5.7 Optimizing Batch Queues for the Sort/Merge Utility 13.8.6 Specifying Job Scheduling Options 13.8.7 Understanding Banner Pages 13.8.7.1 Flag and Burst Pages 13.8.7.2 Trailer Pages 13.8.8 Specifying Banner Page Options 13.8.9 Understanding Forms 13.8.10 Specifying Forms Options 13.8.11 Specifying Options for Controlling Page and Line Overflow 13.8.11.1 Controlling Line Overflow with Forms 13.8.11.2 Controlling Page Overflow with the Form-Feed Character 13.8.12 Understanding Device Control Libraries 13.8.13 Specifying Device Control Library Options 13.8.14 Understanding the Order of Device Control Module Output 13.9 Maintaining the Queues 13.9.1 Managing Queues 13.9.1.1 Initializing Queues 13.9.1.2 Starting Nonautostart Queues 13.9.1.3 Enabling Autostart on a Node to Start Autostart Queues 13.9.1.4 Activating an Autostart Queue 13.9.1.5 Monitoring Queue Information 13.9.1.6 Modifying a Queue 13.9.1.7 Pausing a Queue 13.9.1.8 Closing a Queue 13.9.1.9 Stopping a Queue 13.9.1.10 Preventing Autostart Queues from Starting 13.9.1.11 Disabling Autostart on a Node 13.9.1.12 Stopping All Queues on a Node 13.9.1.13 Stopping Queues Before Shutting Down a System 13.9.1.14 Assigning a Logical Queue 13.9.1.15 Moving All Jobs from One Queue to Another 13.9.1.16 Deleting a Queue 13.9.2 Managing Characteristics 13.9.2.1 Defining Characteristics 13.9.2.2 Displaying Characteristics Defined on a System 13.9.2.3 Assigning Characteristics to a Queue 13.9.2.4 Displaying Characteristics Assigned to a Queue 13.9.2.5 Canceling Characteristics Assigned to a Queue 13.9.2.6 Deleting Characteristics 13.9.3 Managing Banner Pages 13.9.4 Managing Forms 13.9.4.1 Defining a Form 13.9.4.2 Displaying Forms Defined on a System 13.9.4.3 Changing the Systemwide Default Form 13.9.4.4 Assigning a Default Form for a Queue 13.9.4.5 Mounting a Form on a Queue 13.9.4.6 Displaying the Form Assigned to a Queue 13.9.4.7 Deleting a Form 13.9.5 Managing Device Control Libraries 13.9.5.1 Creating a Device Control Library and Inserting Modules 13.9.5.2 Assigning a Library to a Queue 13.9.5.3 Creating Forms for Setup and Page Setup Modules 13.9.5.4 Assigning a Reset Module to a Queue 13.9.6 Managing Jobs 13.9.6.1 Monitoring Jobs 13.9.6.2 Modifying Job Processing Options 13.9.6.3 Holding and Releasing a Job 13.9.6.4 Changing the Scheduling Priority of a Job 13.9.6.5 Requeuing an Executing Job 13.9.6.6 Requeuing a Pending Job 13.9.6.7 Retaining Jobs in a Queue 13.9.6.8 Deleting a Job 13.9.6.9 Pausing an Output Queue to Control Print Job Position and Alignment 13.9.6.9.1 Specifying the Position of Print 13.9.6.9.2 Aligning Print Forms 13.10 Solving Queue Problems 13.10.1 Determining the Cause of General Printer Problems 13.10.2 Making Pending Jobs Eligible for Scheduling 13.10.2.1 Fixing Print Jobs That Are Pending Due to Stock Mismatch 13.10.2.2 Fixing Jobs That Are Pending Because of Characteristics Mismatch 13.10.3 Fixing a Stalled Output Queue 13.10.4 Determining Why an Autostart Queue Will Not Start 13.10.5 Solving Problems Deleting a Queue, Form, or Characteristic 13.10.6 Adding or Deleting a Device Control Library Module 13.10.7 Fixing a Disabled Queue 13.10.8 Reporting Queue Problems to Digital 14 Managing System Parameters 14.1 Understanding System Parameters 14.1.1 Default, Current, and Active Values 14.1.2 Pages and Pagelets 14.2 Recommended Method for Changing Parameter Values 14.3 Converting Your Customized Parameter Settings for Use with AUTOGEN 14.4 Understanding the AUTOGEN Command Procedure 14.4.1 AUTOGEN Feedback 14.4.2 Feedback Report (AGEN$PARAMS.REPORT) 14.4.3 AUTOGEN Phases 14.4.4 AUTOGEN Parameter File (MODPARAMS.DAT) 14.5 Modifying System Parameters with AUTOGEN 14.5.1 Controlling AUTOGEN's Parameter Settings with MODPARAMS.DAT 14.5.1.1 Increasing a Value with the ADD_ Prefix 14.5.1.2 Specifying a Minimum Value with the MIN_ Prefix 14.5.1.3 Specifying a Maximum Value with the MAX_ Prefix 14.5.1.4 Specifying an Absolute Value 14.5.1.5 Defining the Number of VAXcluster Nodes (VAX Only) 14.5.1.6 Defining the Number of Ethernet Adapters (VAX Only) 14.5.1.7 Presetting Parameter Values Before Adding Memory (VAX Only) 14.5.1.8 Overriding Parameters Related to DECnet 14.5.2 Specifying a Minimum Required Age for Feedback (VAX Only) 14.5.3 Including an External Parameter File in MODPARAMS.DAT 14.6 Automating AUTOGEN Reports 14.6.1 Changing Parameter Values After Reviewing AUTOGEN Reports 14.7 Managing System Parameters with the System Management Utility (SYSMAN) 14.7.1 Understanding Parameter Values and SYSMAN 14.7.2 Showing Parameter Values with SYSMAN 14.7.3 Modifying a Parameter File with SYSMAN 14.7.4 Modifying Active Values with SYSMAN 14.8 Managing System Parameters with the System Generation Utility (SYSGEN) 14.8.1 Understanding Parameter Values and SYSGEN 14.8.2 Showing Parameter Values with SYSGEN 14.8.3 Modifying the System Parameter File with SYSGEN 14.8.4 Modifying Active Values with SYSGEN 14.8.5 Creating a New Parameter File with SYSGEN 14.9 Modifying System Parameters with a Conversational Boot 15 Managing System Page, Swap, and Dump Files 15.1 Understanding the System Dump File 15.2 Understanding Page and Swap Files 15.3 Displaying Information About Page and Swap Files 15.4 Manually Calculating Appropriate Sizes for Dump, Page, and Swap Files 15.4.1 Calculating System Dump File Size 15.4.2 Calculating Page File Size 15.4.3 Calculating Swap File Size 15.5 Minimizing Dump File Size When Disk Space Is Insufficient 15.6 Using SDA to Analyze the Contents of a Crash Dump 15.7 Using SDA CLUE Commands to Analyze Crash Dump Files (Alpha Only) 15.7.1 Understanding CLUE (Alpha Only) 15.7.2 Displaying Data Using SDA CLUE Commands (Alpha Only) 15.8 Using CLUE to Obtain Historical Information About Crash Dumps (VAX Only) 15.8.1 Understanding CLUE (VAX Only) 15.8.2 Displaying Data Using CLUE (VAX Only) 15.9 Copying Dump Files to Tape or Disk 15.10 Dump File Off the System Disk (VAX Systems Only) 15.10.1 Requirements 15.11 Saving the Contents of the System Dump File After a System Failure 15.12 Freeing Dump Information from the Page File 15.13 Creating Page and Swap Files 15.13.1 Using AUTOGEN (Recommended Method) 15.13.2 Using SYSGEN 15.14 Installing Page and Swap Files 15.14.1 Installing Interactively 15.14.2 Installing in SYPAGSWPFILES.COM 15.15 Removing Page, Swap, and Dump Files 15.16 Changing Page, Swap, and Dump File Sizes 15.16.1 Using AUTOGEN (Recommended Method) 15.16.1.1 Controlling the Size of Page, Swap, and Dump Files in MODPARAMS.DAT 15.16.2 Using SWAPFILES.COM 15.16.3 Using SYSGEN 16 Performance Considerations 16.1 Understanding Performance Management 16.2 Knowing Your Work Load 16.3 Choosing a Workload Management Strategy 16.4 Distributing the Work Load 16.5 Understanding System Tuning 16.6 Predicting When Tuning Is Required 16.7 Evaluating Tuning Success 16.8 Choosing Performance Options 16.9 Using INSTALL to Install Known Images 16.9.1 Understanding Images and Known Images 16.9.2 Understanding Known File Lists 16.9.3 Understanding Attributes You Can Assign to Known Images 16.9.4 Installing Images to Conserve Memory 16.9.5 Installing Images to Improve Image Performance 16.9.6 Installing Resident Images to Improve Performance (Alpha Only) 16.9.7 Installing Images to Enhance Privileges of Images 16.9.7.1 Privileged Executable Images 16.9.7.2 Privileged Shareable Images 16.9.8 Installing Images to Allow Execution of Images Without Read Access 16.9.9 Determining Which Images to Install 16.9.10 Specifying File Names in INSTALL 16.9.11 Installing Images with INSTALL 16.9.12 Displaying Known Images with INSTALL 16.9.13 Defining Logical Names for Shareable Image Files 16.9.14 Removing Known Images 17 Testing the System with UETP 17.1 Overview 17.1.1 Understanding UETP 17.1.2 Summary of How to Use UETP 17.2 Preparing to Use UETP 17.2.1 Logging In 17.2.2 Using the SYSTEST Directories 17.3 Setting Up the Devices to Be Tested 17.3.1 Check Your Devices 17.3.2 System Disk Space Required 17.3.3 How UETP Works on Disks 17.3.4 Prepare Disk Drives 17.3.5 Magnetic Tape Drives 17.3.6 Tape Cartridge Drives 17.3.7 Compact Disc Drives 17.3.8 Optical Disk Drives 17.3.9 Terminals and Line Printers 17.3.10 Ethernet Adapters 17.3.11 DR11-W Data Interface (VAX Only) 17.3.12 DRV11-WA Data Interface (VAX Only) 17.3.13 DR750 or DR780 (DR32 Interface) (VAX Only) 17.3.14 Second LPA11-K Device 17.3.15 Devices That Are Not Tested 17.3.16 VMScluster Testing 17.3.17 Testing a Small-Disk System 17.3.18 DECnet for OpenVMS Phase 17.3.19 Vector Processors and the VVIEF (VAX Only) 17.4 Starting UETP 17.4.1 Running a Subset of Phases 17.4.2 Single Run Versus Multiple Passes 17.4.3 Defining User Load for Load Test 17.4.4 Report Formats 17.4.4.1 Long Report Format 17.4.4.2 Short Report Format 17.5 Stopping a UETP Operation 17.5.1 Using Ctrl/Y 17.5.2 Using DCL Commands 17.5.3 Using Ctrl/C 17.6 Troubleshooting: An Overview 17.6.1 Error Logging and Diagnostics 17.6.2 Interpreting UETP Output 17.6.3 Displaying Information on Your Screen 17.6.4 Example Screen Display (VAX Only) 17.6.5 Example Screen Display (Alpha Only) 17.6.6 Defining a Remote Node for UETP Ethernet Testing 17.6.7 Log Files 17.7 Troubleshooting: Possible UETP Errors 17.7.1 Summary of Common Failures 17.7.2 Wrong Quotas, Privileges, or Account 17.7.3 UETINIT01 Failure 17.7.4 UETVECTOR Failure (VAX Only) 17.7.5 Device Allocated or in Use by Another Application 17.7.6 Insufficient Disk Space 17.7.7 Incorrect Setup of a VMScluster System 17.7.8 Problems During the Load Test 17.7.9 DECnet for OpenVMS Error 17.7.10 Errors Logged but Not Displayed 17.7.11 No PCB or Swap Slots 17.7.12 No Keyboard Response or System Disk Activity 17.7.13 Lack of Default Access for the FAL Object 17.7.14 Bugchecks and Machine Checks 17.8 UETP Tests and Phases 17.8.1 Initialization Phase 17.8.2 Device Test Phase 17.8.2.1 How the Device Phase Works 17.8.2.2 Running a Single Device Test 17.8.2.3 Format of UETINIDEV.DAT 17.8.2.4 Running a Test in Loop Mode 17.8.2.5 Functions of Individual Device Tests 17.8.3 System Load Test Phase 17.8.4 DECnet for OpenVMS Test Phase 17.8.4.1 Environment 17.8.4.2 How the DECnet Phase Works 17.8.5 Cluster-Integration Test Phase 18 Getting Information About the System 18.1 Understanding System Log Files 18.2 Understanding Error Logging 18.3 Using the Error Formatter (ERRFMT) 18.3.1 Restarting the ERRFMT Process 18.3.2 Maintaining Error Log Files 18.3.3 Using ERRFMT to Send Mail 18.3.3.1 Enabling and Disabling ERRFMT to Send Mail 18.3.3.2 Sending Mail to Another User 18.4 Using the Error Log Utility (ERROR LOG) 18.4.1 Understanding the Error Log Utility (ERROR LOG) 18.4.2 Producing Error Log Reports 18.4.3 Producing a Full Error Log Report 18.4.4 Using Other Error Log Report Options 18.5 Using the DECevent Event Management Utility (DECevent) (Alpha Only) 18.5.1 Understanding DECevent (Alpha Only) 18.5.2 Invoking and Exiting DECevent (Alpha Only) 18.5.3 Using DECevent Qualifiers (Alpha Only) 18.5.4 Using Additional DECevent Commands (Alpha Only) 18.5.5 Producing DECevent Reports (Alpha Only) 18.5.5.1 Producing a Full Report (Alpha Only) 18.5.5.2 Producing a Brief Report (Alpha Only) 18.5.5.3 Producing a Terse Report (Alpha Only) 18.5.5.4 Producing a Summary Report (Alpha Only) 18.5.5.5 Producing a Fast Error (FSTERR) Report (Alpha Only) 18.5.6 DECevent Restrictions 18.6 Setting Up, Maintaining, and Printing the Operator Log File 18.6.1 Understanding the Operator Log File 18.6.2 Understanding OPCOM Messages 18.6.2.1 Initialization Messages 18.6.2.2 Device Status Messages 18.6.2.3 Terminal Enable and Disable Messages 18.6.2.4 User Request and Operator Reply Messages 18.6.2.5 Volume Mount and Dismount Messages 18.6.2.6 System Parameter Messages 18.6.2.7 Security Alarm Messages 18.6.2.8 Contents of an Operator Log File 18.6.3 Setting Up the Operator Log File 18.6.3.1 Creating a New Version of the Operator Log File 18.6.3.2 Specifying Logical Names 18.6.4 Maintaining the Operator Log File 18.6.5 Printing the Operator Log File 18.7 Using Security Auditing 18.7.1 Understanding Security Auditing 18.7.1.1 Security Audit Log File 18.7.1.2 Audit Log Files in Mixed-Version Clusters 18.7.2 Displaying Security Auditing Information 18.7.3 Delaying Startup of Auditing 18.7.4 Enabling Security Auditing for Additional Classes 18.7.5 Disabling Security Auditing 18.7.6 Enabling a Terminal to Receive Alarm Messages 18.7.7 Generating Security Reports 18.7.8 Creating a New Version of the Security Audit Log File 18.7.8.1 Creating a New Clusterwide Version of the Log File 18.7.8.2 Creating a New Node-Specific Version of the Log File 18.8 Monitoring Operating System Performance 18.8.1 Understanding the Monitor Utility (MONITOR) 18.8.1.1 MONITOR Classes 18.8.1.2 Display Data 18.8.1.3 Output Types 18.8.2 Invoking the Monitor Utility 18.8.3 Using Live Display Monitoring 18.8.4 Using Live Recording Monitoring 18.8.5 Using Concurrent Display and Recording Monitoring 18.8.6 Using Playback Monitoring 18.8.7 Using Remote Playback Monitoring 18.8.8 Rerecording Monitoring 18.8.9 Running MONITOR Continuously 18.8.9.1 Using the MONITOR.COM Procedure 18.8.9.2 Using the SUBMON.COM Procedure 18.8.9.3 Using the MONSUM.COM Procedure 18.8.10 Remote Monitoring in a Mixed-Version VMScluster System 19 Tracking Resource Use 19.1 Understanding Accounting Files 19.2 Determining Which Resources Are Being Tracked 19.3 Controlling Which Resources Are Tracked 19.4 Starting Up a New Accounting File 19.5 Moving the Accounting File 19.6 Producing Reports of Resource Use 19.7 Setting Up Accounting Groups 19.8 Monitoring Disk Space 20 VMScluster Considerations 20.1 Understanding VMScluster Systems 20.1.1 Setting Up a VMScluster Environment 20.1.2 Clusterwide System Management 20.2 Using DECamds to Analyze Data 20.3 Using the Show Cluster Utility (SHOW CLUSTER) 20.3.1 Understanding the Show Cluster Utility 20.3.2 Beginning to Use SHOW CLUSTER Commands 20.3.2.1 Viewing Information That Is Off the Screen 20.3.2.2 Exiting from a Continuous Display 20.3.2.3 Using SHOW CLUSTER Qualifiers 20.3.3 Adding Information to a Report 20.3.4 Controlling the Display of Data 20.3.4.1 Entering Commands to Display Data 20.3.4.2 Removing Broadcast Messages 20.3.4.3 Refreshing the Screen 20.3.5 Formatting the Display of Data 20.3.5.1 Removing Information from a Report 20.3.5.2 Modifying Field and Screen Size 20.3.5.3 Moving a Report 20.3.5.4 Scrolling a Report 20.3.6 Creating a Startup Initialization File 20.3.7 Using Command Procedures Containing SHOW CLUSTER Commands 20.4 Understanding SYSMAN and VMScluster Management 20.5 Using SYSMAN to Manage Security and System Time 20.5.1 Modifying the Group Number and Password 20.5.2 Modifying the System Time 20.5.2.1 Resetting System Time After January 1 20.6 Using the SYSMAN DO Command to Manage a VMScluster 21 Network Considerations 21.1 Assigning Node Names 21.1.1 Syntax for Full Names 21.1.2 Considerations for Assigning Full Names 21.1.3 Setting Up a Node Name Strategy 21.2 Understanding DECnet for OpenVMS Networks 21.2.1 How an OpenVMS System Can Be Part of a Network 21.2.2 How Nodes Are Connected to the Network 21.2.3 Connecting Multiple Nodes to a SCSI Bus 21.2.4 Understanding the Configuration Database 21.2.5 How Your System Becomes a Node in the Network 21.3 Preparations for Joining a Network 21.4 Providing Security for Your Node 21.5 OpenVMS Support for TCP/IP Networking 21.5.1 Remote Terminal Service 21.5.2 Remote File Access 21.5.3 Remote Directory Listings 21.6 Managing a Network Node 21.6.1 Providing Host Services 21.6.2 Monitoring the Network 21.6.2.1 Using NCP Display Commands 21.6.2.2 NCP Counters 21.6.2.3 Using DECnet Event Logging 21.6.2.4 Using Other Software Tools 21.6.3 Testing the Network 21.6.4 Shutting Down and Restarting the Network 22 Managing the Local Area Network (LAN) Software 22.1 Understanding Local Area Networks 22.1.1 LAN Characteristics 22.1.1.1 Ethernet LANs 22.1.1.2 FDDI LANs 22.1.1.3 Token Ring LANs 22.1.2 LAN Addresses 22.2 Managing Local Area Networks 22.3 Understanding the LANACP LAN Server Process 22.3.1 Running the LANACP LAN Server Process 22.3.2 Stopping the LANACP LAN Server Process 22.4 Understanding the LANCP Utility 22.4.1 Invoking and Exiting LANCP 22.4.2 LANCP Commands 22.4.3 LANCP Miscellaneous Functions 22.5 Managing LAN Devices 22.5.1 Displaying System Devices 22.5.2 Displaying Device Parameters 22.5.3 Setting Device Parameters 22.5.4 Updating Device Firmware 22.6 Managing the LAN Device Databases 22.6.1 Displaying Devices in the LAN Device Databases 22.6.2 Entering Devices into the LAN Device Databases 22.6.3 Deleting Devices from the LAN Device Databases 22.7 Managing the LAN Node Databases 22.7.1 Displaying Nodes in the LAN Node Databases 22.7.2 Entering Nodes into the LAN Node Databases 22.7.3 Deleting Nodes from the LAN Node Databases 22.8 Understanding LAN MOP 22.8.1 Coexistence with DECnet MOP 22.8.2 Migrating from DECnet MOP to LAN MOP 22.8.3 Using CLUSTER_CONFIG_LAN.COM and LAN MOP 22.8.4 Sample Satellite Load 22.8.5 Cross-Architecture Booting 22.9 Managing the LAN MOP Downline Load Service 22.9.1 Enabling MOP Downline Load Service 22.9.2 Disabling MOP Downline Load Service 22.9.3 Displaying the Status and Counters Data 22.9.4 Displaying the Status and Counters Data for Individual Nodes 22.9.5 Clearing the Counters Data 22.9.6 OPCOM Messages 22.9.7 Load Trace Facility 22.9.8 MOP Console Carrier 22.9.9 MOP Trigger Boot 23 Managing InfoServer Systems 23.1 Understanding InfoServer Functions 23.1.1 Automatic Service Policies for Multiple Servers 23.1.2 High-Availability Feature to Reduce Service Interruptions 23.1.3 Support for X Terminal Clients 23.2 Understanding LASTport Protocols 23.2.1 LASTport Transport Protocol 23.2.2 LASTport/Disk Protocol 23.2.3 LASTport/Tape Protocol 23.3 Establishing a Server Management Session 23.3.1 Server Management Commands 23.4 Understanding InfoServer Client for OpenVMS Functions 23.5 Understanding LASTCP Utility Functions 23.5.1 Invoking and Exiting the LASTCP Utility 23.5.2 LASTCP Command Summary 23.5.3 Starting InfoServer Client for OpenVMS Software Automatically 23.5.4 Startup Restrictions: PATHWORKS and RSM 23.5.5 Startup Restrictions: SYSMAN 23.5.6 User Account Requirements 23.5.7 System Parameter MAXBUF Requirement 23.6 Understanding LADCP Utility Functions 23.6.1 Invoking and Exiting the LADCP Utility 23.6.2 LADCP Command Summary 23.6.3 Making InfoServer Devices Available Automatically 24 Managing the LAT Software 24.1 Understanding the LAT Protocol 24.1.1 How the LAT Protocol Works 24.1.2 Advantages of the LAT Protocol 24.2 Understanding the LAT Network 24.2.1 Service Nodes 24.2.1.1 Types of Services 24.2.1.2 Service Announcements 24.2.1.3 Print Requests 24.2.2 Terminal Server Nodes 24.2.2.1 Locating Service Nodes 24.2.2.2 Setting Up Connections 24.2.2.3 Servicing Nodes 24.2.3 Nodes Allowing Outgoing Connections 24.2.4 Sample LAT Configuration 24.2.5 LAT Relationship to VMSclusters and DECnet 24.2.5.1 LAT and DECnet Running on the Same Controller 24.2.5.2 LAT and DECnet Running on Different Controllers 24.3 Understanding the LATCP Utility 24.3.1 Invoking and Exiting LATCP 24.3.2 LATCP Commands 24.4 Starting Up the LAT Protocol 24.5 Customizing LAT Characteristics 24.5.1 Creating Additional Services 24.5.2 Setting Up Ports 24.5.2.1 Setting Up Printers 24.5.2.2 Setting Up Special Application Services 24.5.2.3 Setting Up Limited Services 24.5.3 Queuing Incoming Requests 24.5.4 Enabling Outgoing LAT Connections 24.5.5 Sample Edited LAT$SYSTARTUP.COM Procedure 24.6 Managing the LATACP Database Size 25 Managing DECdtm Services 25.1 Understanding Transaction Logs 25.2 Planning Transaction Logs 25.2.1 Deciding the Size of a Transaction Log 25.2.2 Deciding the Location of a Transaction Log 25.3 Creating Transaction Logs 25.4 Monitoring Transaction Performance 25.5 Checking Whether a Transaction Log Is Too Small 25.6 Changing the Size of a Transaction Log 25.7 Moving a Transaction Log 25.8 Dismounting a Disk 25.9 Adding a Node 25.10 Removing a Node 25.11 Disabling DECdtm Services 25.12 Enabling DECdtm Services 25.13 Using DECdtm Services in a DECnet/OSI Network 25.13.1 Understanding the Configuration of a Transaction Group 25.13.2 Determining SCSNODE Name Uniqueness 26 Managing Special Processing Environments 26.1 Understanding Multiprocessing 26.1.1 Primary and Secondary Processors 26.1.2 Available and Active Sets 26.1.3 Processor Capabilities 26.2 Managing Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) Environments 26.2.1 Creating a Multiprocessing Environment 26.2.2 Monitoring a Multiprocessing Environment 26.3 Understanding Vector Processing 26.3.1 VAX Support for Vector Processing (VAX Only) 26.3.2 VAX Vector Instruction Emulation Facility (VVIEF) (VAX Only) 26.4 Managing the Vector Processing Environment (VAX Only) 26.4.1 Loading the Vector Processing Support Code (VAX Only) 26.4.2 Configuring a Vector Processing System (VAX Only) 26.4.3 Managing Vector Processes (VAX Only) 26.4.3.1 Adjusting System Resources and Process Quotas (VAX Only) 26.4.3.2 Distributing Scalar and Vector Resources Among Processes (VAX Only) 26.4.4 Restricting Access to the Vector Processor by Using ACLs (VAX Only) 26.4.5 Obtaining Information About a Vector Processing System (VAX Only) 26.4.5.1 DCL Lexical Functions F$GETJPI and F$GETSYI (VAX Only) 26.4.5.2 SHOW CPU/FULL Command (VAX Only) 26.4.5.3 SHOW PROCESS and LOGOUT/FULL Commands (VAX Only) 26.4.6 Loading the VAX Vector Instruction Emulation Facility (VVIEF) (VAX Only) A Files-11 Disk Structure A.1 Disk Concepts A.1.1 Logical Organization of a Disk A.1.2 Physical Organization of a Disk A.2 Files-11 Structure A.2.1 File Identification (FID) A.2.2 ODS Directory Hierarchies A.3 Reserved Files A.3.1 Index File, INDEXF.SYS A.3.1.1 Boot Block A.3.1.2 Home Block A.3.1.3 File Headers A.3.2 Storage Bit Map File, BITMAP.SYS A.3.3 Bad Block File, BADBLK.SYS A.3.4 Master File Directory A.3.5 Core Image File, CORIMG.SYS A.3.6 Volume Set List File, VOLSET.SYS A.3.7 Continuation File, CONTIN.SYS A.3.8 Backup Log File, BACKUP.SYS A.3.9 Pending Bad Block Log File, BADLOG.SYS A.3.10 Quota File, QUOTA.SYS A.3.11 Volume Security Profile, SECURITY.SYS A.4 Files-11 ODS Level 1 Versus Level 2 (VAX Only) B Tables of Time Differential Factors (TDFs) Glossary access control list (ACL) . . . autostart feature autostart queue . . . boot block booting . . . configuration database connection manager . . . density device . . . Error Log Report Formatter (ERF) Ethernet . . . file file banner page . . . group volume header labels . . . incremental backup incremental restore . . . LASTport protocol LAT protocol . . . local node logical block . . . mandatory update mass storage control protocol (MSCP) server . . . object OPCOM messages . . . PAK partition . . . printer queue priority . . . queue database queue manager . . . scalar secondary bootstrap image . . . shared image shared resource . . . SYSGEN parameters system area . . . target disk terminal queue . . . upgrade procedure user authorization file (UAF) . . . vector consumer vector-present processor . . . write lock