CONTENTS Title Page Copyright Page Preface 1 Introduction to Files and Devices 1.1 The History of File Storage Media 1.2 Basic Device Concepts 1.2.1 Disk Concepts 1.2.2 Magnetic Tape Concepts 1.3 Using Command Procedures to Perform Routine File and Device Operations 2 File and Device Protection 2.1 Data Protection 2.1.1 User Identification Code (UIC)-Based Protection 2.1.2 Access Control List (ACL)-Based Protection 2.1.3 VMS ANSI-Labeled Magnetic Tape Accessibility Protection 2.2 File Protection 2.2.1 Volume-Level Protection 2.2.1.1 Disk Volume Protection 2.2.1.2 Protection of Disk Volumes 2.2.1.3 Magnetic Tape Volume Protection 2.2.1.3.1 Protection for VMS Magnetic Tapes 2.2.1.3.2 Protection for Interchange Environments 2.2.2 File-Level Protection 2.2.2.1 File Protection 2.2.2.1.1 Default File Protection 2.2.2.1.2 Explicit File Protection 2.2.2.2 Disk File Protection 2.2.2.3 Directory File Protection 2.2.2.3.1 UIC Directory Protection 2.2.2.4 Magnetic Tape File Protection 2.2.2.5 Protection of Mail Files 2.2.2.6 Displays of Ownership and Protection 2.3 Device Protection 3 Preparing Volumes for Private Use 3.1 Setting Up a Private Volume 3.2 Allocating Disks and Magnetic Tape Drives to Your Process 3.3 Initializing a Volume 3.3.1 Initializing a Disk Volume 3.3.2 Initializing a Magnetic Tape Volume 3.4 Mounting a Volume 3.4.1 Mounting a Disk Volume 3.4.2 Mounting a Disk Volume Set 3.4.2.1 Creating a Disk Volume Set from New Volumes 3.4.2.2 Creating a Disk Volume Set from an Existing Volume 3.4.2.3 Adding Volumes to a Disk Volume Set 3.4.3 Mounting a Magnetic Tape Volume 3.4.3.1 Mounting an ANSI-Labeled Volume 3.4.3.2 Using MOUNT Command Qualifiers 3.4.4 Mounting a Magnetic Tape Volume Set 3.4.4.1 Creating a Magnetic Tape Volume Set 3.4.4.2 Mounting Continuation Volumes in a Volume Set 3.5 Dismounting a Volume 3.5.1 Dismounting a Single Volume 3.5.2 Dismounting a Volume Set 3.5.3 Dismounting a Volume in a Cluster 3.6 Deallocating Drives 3.7 Using Command Procedures to Set Up Volumes 3.7.1 Designing Command Procedures to Set Up Disk Volumes 3.7.2 Designing Command Procedures to Set Up Magnetic Tape Volumes 4 Manipulating Files 4.1 Using DCL to Retrieve File Information 4.1.1 Retrieving Directory Information 4.1.2 Retrieving Device Information 4.1.3 Retrieving Magnetic Tape Device Information 4.1.4 Retrieving Disk File Protection Information 4.1.5 Retrieving Disk Quota Information 4.2 Using DCL to Modify File Characteristics 4.2.1 Modifying Directory Characteristics 4.2.2 Modifying Disk File Characteristics 4.2.3 Modifying Magnetic Tape Device Characteristics 4.2.4 Modifying File Protection Characteristics 4.2.5 Modifying User Identification Code Characteristics 4.2.6 Modifying Volume Characteristics 4.3 Using DCL to Access Files 4.3.1 Accessing Disk Files for Read and Write Operations 4.3.1.1 Reading Files from a Disk Volume 4.3.1.2 Writing Files to a Disk Volume 4.3.1.3 Writing Files from Disk Volumes to Magnetic Tape Volumes 4.3.2 Accessing Magnetic Tape Files for Read and Write Operations 4.3.2.1 Locating ANSI-Labeled Magnetic Tape Files for READ or WRITE Access 4.3.2.2 Reading Files on Magnetic Tape Volumes 4.3.2.3 Writing to Files on Magnetic Tape Volumes 4.4 Using Command Procedures to Access Foreign Volumes 5 Transferring Information 5.1 Transferring Information Within and Across Operating Systems 5.2 Using the COPY Command to Transfer Information 5.2.1 Copying Files from Disk Volumes 5.2.2 Copying Files from Magnetic Tape Volumes 5.2.2.1 Continuing the Copy Command at End-of-Tape 5.2.3 Copying Files to and from Non-File-Structured Volumes 5.2.3.1 Copying Files to a Non-File-Structured Volume 5.2.3.2 Copying Files from a Non-File-Structured Volume 5.3 Using the Convert Utility to Transfer Information 5.4 Using the Exchange Utility to Transfer Information 5.4.1 Invoking and Terminating the Exchange Utility 5.4.2 Using EXCHANGE at DCL Command Level 5.5 Using Command Procedures to Transfer Information 5.5.1 Using a Command Procedure to Copy Files 5.5.2 Using a Command Procedure to Exchange Information A VMS Disk Files and Volumes A.1 Files-11 Disk Structure A.1.1 Index File A.1.2 Storage Bit Map File A.1.3 Bad Block File A.1.4 Master File Directory A.1.5 Core Image File A.1.6 Volume Set List File A.1.7 Continuation File A.1.8 Backup Log File A.1.9 Pending Bad Block Log File A.1.10 Files-11 On-Disk Structure Level 1 Versus Structure Level 2 B VMS ANSI-Labeled Magnetic Tape B.1 Logical Format of ANSI-Labeled Volumes B.2 VMS Magnetic Tape Ancillary Control Process (MTAACP) B.3 Basic Components of the VMS ANSI-Labeled Format B.3.1 Beginning-of-Tape and End-of-Tape Markers B.3.2 Tape Marks B.3.3 Labels B.4 Volume and File Configurations B.4.1 Single-File/Single-Volume Configuration B.4.2 Single-File/Multivolume Configuration B.4.3 Multifile/Single-Volume Configuration B.4.4 Multifile/Multivolume Configuration B.5 Volume Labels B.5.1 VOL1 Label B.5.1.1 Volume Identifier Field B.5.1.2 Accessibility Field B.5.1.3 Implementation Identifier Field B.5.1.4 Owner Identifier Field B.5.2 VOL2 Label B.6 Header Labels B.6.1 HDR1 Label B.6.1.1 File Identifier Field B.6.1.2 File-Set Identifier Field B.6.1.3 File Section Number and File Sequence Number Fields B.6.1.4 Generation Number and Generation Version-Number Fields B.6.1.5 Creation Date and Expiration Date Fields B.6.1.6 Accessibility Field B.6.1.7 Implementation Identifier Field B.6.2 HDR2 Label B.6.2.1 Record Format Field B.6.2.2 Block Length Field B.6.2.3 Record Length Field B.6.2.4 Implementation-Dependent Field B.6.2.5 Buffer-Offset Length Field B.6.3 HDR3 Label B.6.4 HDR4 Label B.7 Trailer Labels FIGURES 1-1 File Extents 1-2 Files-11 On-Disk Structure Hierarchy 1-3 Tracks and Cylinders 1-4 Interrecord Gaps 2-1 Illustrating User Categories with a UIC of [100,100] B-1 Basic Layout of a VMS ANSI-Labeled Volume B-2 Single-File/Single-Volume Configuration B-3 Single-File/Multivolume Configuration B-4 Multifile/Single-Volume Configuration B-5 Multifile/Multivolume Configuration B-6 Blocked Fixed-Length Records B-7 Variable-Length Records TABLES A-1 VMS Reserved Files B-1 Labels and Components Supported by VMS