CONTENTS

  Title Page

  Copyright Page

  Preface

  Technical Changes and New Features

  1      RDO Language Elements

  1.1     The RDO Session
    1.1.1      Beginning an RDO Session
    1.1.2      Getting Information in RDO
    1.1.3      Exiting from RDO

  1.2     Prompts

  1.3     Statements
    1.3.1      Keywords
      1.3.1.1      Required Keywords
      1.3.1.2      Optional Keywords
    1.3.2      User-Supplied Names
    1.3.3      Literal Values
    1.3.4      Expressions
    1.3.5      Data Dictionary Path Names
    1.3.6      File Specifications
    1.3.7      Terminating Statements

  2      Overview of Rdb/VMS Functions

  2.1     Data Definition Statements

  2.2     Data Manipulation Statements

  2.3     Database Maintenance and Performance Statements

  2.4     Statements for Interactive Control

  2.5     VAX Data Distributor Statements

  3      Value Expressions and Conditional Expressions

  3.1     Value Expressions
    3.1.1      Host Language Variables
    3.1.2      Literals
      3.1.2.1      Character String Literals
      3.1.2.2      Numeric Literals
      3.1.2.3      Date Literals
    3.1.3      Statistical Expressions
      3.1.3.1      The TOTAL Statistical Function
      3.1.3.2      The COUNT Statistical Function
      3.1.3.3      The AVERAGE Statistical Function
      3.1.3.4      The MAX Statistical Function
      3.1.3.5      Global Aggregates
    3.1.4      Arithmetic Expressions
    3.1.5      Concatenated Expressions
    3.1.6      Missing Values (RDB$MISSING Expression)
    3.1.7      FIRST FROM Expression
    3.1.8      Database Key
    3.1.9      Segmented String Expressions

  3.2     Conditional Expressions
    3.2.1      Relational Operators
    3.2.2      Logical Operators

  4      The Record Selection Expression (RSE)

  4.1     Format of the Record Selection Expression

  4.2     The FIRST Clause: Restricting the Number of Records

  4.3     The Relation Clause:  Context Variables in Streams and Loops

  4.4     The WITH Clause:  Specifying Conditions for the Record Stream

  4.5     The SORTED BY Clause: Sorting Records

  4.6     The REDUCED TO Clause: Retaining Only Unique Field Values

  4.7     The CROSS Clause:  Joining Related Records

  4.8     Views and the Record Selection Expression

  5      Field Attributes in Relations and Views

  5.1     Data Type Clause

  5.2     Validity Clause

  5.3     Missing Value Clause

  5.4     DATATRIEVE Support Clauses

  5.5     Collating Sequence Clause

  6      RMU Command Syntax

  6.1     Command Parameters

  6.2     Qualifiers

  6.3     RMU/ALTER Command

  6.4     RMU/ANALYZE Command

  6.5     RMU/ANALYZE/CARDINALITY Command

  6.6     RMU/ANALYZE/INDEXES Command

  6.7     RMU/ANALYZE/PLACEMENT Command

  6.8     RMU/BACKUP Command

  6.9     RMU/BACKUP/AFTER_JOURNAL Command

  6.10    RMU/CLOSE Command

  6.11    RMU/CONVERT Command

  6.12    RMU/COPY_DATABASE Command

  6.13    RMU/DUMP Command

  6.14    RMU/DUMP/AFTER_JOURNAL Command

  6.15    RMU/DUMP/BACKUP_FILE Command

  6.16    RMU/DUMP/RECOVERY_JOURNAL Command

  6.17    RMU/LOAD Command

  6.18    RMU/MONITOR REOPEN_LOG Command

  6.19    RMU/MONITOR START Command

  6.20    RMU/MONITOR STOP Command

  6.21    RMU/MOVE_AREA Command

  6.22    RMU/OPEN Command

  6.23    RMU/RECOVER Command

  6.24    RMU/RECOVER/RESOLVE Command

  6.25    RMU/RESOLVE Command

  6.26    RMU/RESTORE Command

  6.27    RMU/SET AUDIT Command

  6.28    RMU/SHOW Command
    6.28.1     RMU/SHOW AUDIT Command
    6.28.2     RMU/SHOW STATISTICS Command
    6.28.3     RMU/SHOW SYSTEM Command
    6.28.4     RMU/SHOW USERS Command
    6.28.5     RMU/SHOW VERSION Command

  6.29    RMU/UNLOAD Command

  6.30    RMU/VERIFY Command

  7      RdbALTER Utility Command Syntax

  7.1     AREA . . . PAGE Command

  7.2     ATTACH Command

  7.3     COMMIT Command

  7.4     DEPOSIT Command

  7.5     DEPOSIT FILE Command

  7.6     DEPOSIT ROOT Command

  7.7     DETACH Command

  7.8     DISPLAY Command

  7.9     DISPLAY FILE Command

  7.10    DISPLAY ROOT Command

  7.11    EXIT Command

  7.12    HELP Command

  7.13    LOG Command

  7.14    MAKE_CONSISTENT Command

  7.15    MOVE Command

  7.16    NOLOG Command

  7.17    PAGE Command

  7.18    RADIX Command

  7.19    ROLLBACK Command

  7.20    UNCORRUPT Command

  7.21    VERIFY Command

  8      Rdb/VMS System Relations

  8.1     RDB$CONSTRAINTS System Relation

  8.2     RDB$CONSTRAINT_RELATIONS System Relation

  8.3     RDB$DATABASE System Relation

  8.4     RDB$FIELD_VERSIONS System Relation

  8.5     RDB$FIELDS System Relation

  8.6     RDB$INDEX_SEGMENTS System Relation

  8.7     RDB$INDICES System Relation

  8.8     RDB$RELATION_FIELDS System Relation

  8.9     RDB$RELATIONS System Relation

  8.10    RDB$VIEW_RELATIONS System Relation

  8.11    RDBVMS$COLLATIONS System Relation

  8.12    RDBVMS$INTERRELATIONS System Relation

  8.13    RDBVMS$PRIVILEGES System Relation

  8.14    RDBVMS$RELATION_CONSTRAINTS System Relation

  8.15    RDBVMS$RELATION_CONSTRAINT_FLDS System Relation

  8.16    RDBVMS$STORAGE_MAPS System Relation

  8.17    RDBVMS$STORAGE_MAP_AREAS System Relation

  8.18    RDBVMS$TRIGGERS System Relation
    8.18.1     Clumplets That Can Be Used in RDBVMS$TRIGGER_ACTIONS

  9      VAX Rdb/VMS Statements

  9.1     ANALYZE Statement

  9.2     CHANGE DATABASE Statement

  9.3     CHANGE FIELD Statement

  9.4     CHANGE INDEX Statement

  9.5     CHANGE PROTECTION Statement

  9.6     CHANGE RELATION Statement

  9.7     CHANGE STORAGE MAP Statement

  9.8     COMMIT Statement

  9.9     CREATE_SEGMENTED_STRING Statement

  9.10    DCL Invoke ( $ ) Statement

  9.11    DECLARE_STREAM Statement

  9.12    DEFINE COLLATING_SEQUENCE Statement

  9.13    DEFINE CONSTRAINT Statement

  9.14    DEFINE DATABASE Statement

  9.15    DEFINE FIELD Statement

  9.16    DEFINE INDEX Statement

  9.17    DEFINE PROTECTION Statement

  9.18    DEFINE RELATION Statement

  9.19    DEFINE SCHEDULE Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.20    DEFINE STORAGE MAP Statement

  9.21    DEFINE TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.22    DEFINE TRIGGER Statement

  9.23    DEFINE VIEW Statement

  9.24    DELETE COLLATING_SEQUENCE Statement

  9.25    DELETE CONSTRAINT Statement

  9.26    DELETE DATABASE Statement

  9.27    DELETE FIELD Statement

  9.28    DELETE INDEX Statement

  9.29    DELETE PATHNAME Statement

  9.30    DELETE PROTECTION Statement

  9.31    DELETE RELATION Statement

  9.32    DELETE SCHEDULE Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.33    DELETE STORAGE MAP Statement

  9.34    DELETE TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.35    DELETE TRIGGER Statement

  9.36    DELETE VIEW Statement

  9.37    EDIT Statement

  9.38    END_SEGMENTED_STRING Statement

  9.39    END_STREAM Statement

  9.40    ERASE Statement

  9.41    Execute ( @ ) Statement

  9.42    EXIT Statement

  9.43    EXPORT Statement

  9.44    FETCH Statement

  9.45    FINISH Statement

  9.46    FOR Statement

  9.47    FOR Statement with Segmented Strings

  9.48    GET Statement

  9.49    HELP Statement

  9.50    IMPORT Statement

  9.51    INTEGRATE DATABASE Statement

  9.52    INVOKE DATABASE Statement

  9.53    MODIFY Statement

  9.54    ON ERROR Clause

  9.55    PLACE Statement

  9.56    PRINT Statement

  9.57    READY Statement

  9.58    REINITIALIZE TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.59    ROLLBACK Statement

  9.60    SET Statement

  9.61    SHOW Statements
    9.61.1     SHOW ALL Statement
    9.61.2     SHOW COLLATING_SEQUENCE Statement
    9.61.3     SHOW CONSTRAINTS Statement
    9.61.4     SHOW DATABASES Statement
    9.61.5     SHOW DATE_FORMAT Statement
    9.61.6     SHOW DICTIONARY Statement
    9.61.7     SHOW FIELDS Statement
    9.61.8     SHOW INDEXES Statement
    9.61.9     SHOW LANGUAGE Statement
    9.61.10    SHOW PRIVILEGES Statement
    9.61.11    SHOW PROTECTION Statement
    9.61.12    SHOW RADIX_POINT Statement
    9.61.13    SHOW RELATIONS Statement
    9.61.14    SHOW STORAGE AREAS Statement
    9.61.15    SHOW STORAGE MAPS Statement
    9.61.16    SHOW STREAMS Statement
    9.61.17    SHOW TRANSACTION Statement
    9.61.18    SHOW TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)
    9.61.19    SHOW TRIGGERS Statement
    9.61.20    SHOW VERSIONS Statement

  9.62    START_SEGMENTED_STRING Statement

  9.63    START_STREAM Statement, Declared

  9.64    START_STREAM Statement, Undeclared

  9.65    START_TRANSACTION Statement

  9.66    START TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.67    STOP TRANSFER Statement (VAX Data Distributor)

  9.68    STORE Statement

  9.69    STORE Statement with Segmented Strings

  A   Rdb/VMS Reserved Words

  B   Rdb/VMS Error Message Explanation Files

  C   Components of Run-Time Only License

  D   Default, Minimum, and Maximum Values for Database Parameters

  E   Storage Area Parameter Default, Minimum, and Maximum Values

  F   RDO Statements Not Supported in Rdb/VMS Versions 3.1 and 4.0

  F.1     BACKUP Statement

  F.2     CLOSE Statement

  F.3     CONVERT Statement

  F.4     OPEN Statement

  F.5     RECOVER Statement

  F.6     REFRESH MONITOR LOG Statement

  F.7     RESTORE Statement

  F.8     SHOW MONITOR Statement

  F.9     SHOW USERS Statement

  F.10    SPOOL Statement

  F.11    STOP MONITOR Statement

  FIGURES

  1 A Sample Syntax Diagram

  1-1        DEFINE CONSTRAINT-a Sample Syntax Diagram

  3-1        Using a Statistical Expression to Group Records

  3-2        A Statistical Expression Across Three Relations

  5-1        A Record with a Segmented String Field

  TABLES

  2-1        Rdb/VMS Data Definition Statements

  2-2        Rdb/VMS Data Manipulation Statements

  2-3        Rdb/VMS Database Maintenance and Performance Statements

  2-4        RDO Statements for Interactive Control

  2-5        VAX Data Distributor Statements

  3-1        Quotation Marks in Character String Literals

  3-2        Rdb/VMS Statistical Operators

  3-3        RDO Relational Operators

  3-4        Rdb/VMS Logical Operators-the AND Operator

  3-5        Rdb/VMS Logical Operators-the OR Operator

  3-6        Rdb/VMS Logical Operators-the NOT Operator

  5-1        Rdb/VMS Data Types

  6-1        Columns in a Database Table for Storing Security Audit Journal Records

  6-2        Data Type Conversions Performed by Rdb/VMS

  6-3        DACCESS Privileges for Database Objects

  8-1        The RDB$CONSTRAINTS System Relation

  8-2        The RDB$CONSTRAINT_RELATIONS System Relation

  8-3        The RDB$DATABASE System Relation

  8-4        The RDB$FIELD_VERSIONS System Relation

  8-5        The RDB$FIELDS System Relation

  8-6        The RDB$INDEX_SEGMENTS System Relation

  8-7        The RDB$INDICES System Relation

  8-8        The RDB$RELATION_FIELDS System Relation

  8-9        The RDB$RELATIONS System Relation

  8-10       The RDB$VIEW_RELATIONS System Relation

  8-11       The RDBVMS$COLLATIONS System Relation

  8-12       The RDBVMS$INTERRELATIONS System Relation

  8-13       The RDBVMS$PRIVILEGES System Relation

  8-14       The RDBVMS$RELATION_CONSTRAINTS System Relation

  8-15       Values for RDBVMS$CONSTRAINT_TYPE

  8-16       The RDBVMS$RELATION_CONSTRAINT_FLDS System Relation

  8-17       The RDBVMS$STORAGE_MAPS System Relation

  8-18       The RDBVMS$STORAGE_MAP_AREAS System Relation

  8-19       The RDBVMS$TRIGGERS System Relation

  8-20       Trigger Type Values

  9-1        CHANGE RELATION Options and Privileges

  9-2        Defaults for DEFINE DATABASE Statement

  9-3        Data Manipulation Access Rights

  9-4        DDL and Administrative Statements Controlled by Database ACL

  9-5        DDL and Administrative Statements Controlled by ACL for Each Relation, Local Field, or View in Statement

  9-6        Task-Oriented Summary of Required Privileges

  9-7        Privilege Override Capability

  9-8        Record Data Updates

  9-9        Logical Names for Internationalization of SET Statements

  9-10       Rdb/VMS SHOW Statements

  9-11       Defaults for the START_TRANSACTION Statement

  9-12       VAX Rdb/VMS Share Modes

  9-13       Comparison of Share Modes for Updates

  C-1        RDO Statements Available in RTO License

  D-1        Rdb/VMS Database-Wide Parameter Default Values and Minimum and Maximum Values

  E-1        Rdb/VMS Multifile Storage Area Parameter Default Values and Minimum and Maximum Values