CONTENTS Title Page Copyright Page Preface 1 Introduction to DTIF 1.1 Requirements and Goals 1.1.1 Features 1.1.2 Backward Compatible Extensions 1.1.3 Modular Implementation 1.1.4 Sequential Processing 1.1.5 Scope of Attributes 1.2 Notation Conventions 1.2.1 DTIF Defined Types 1.2.2 DTIF Document Hierarchy 1.2.3 DTIF Table Description 1.2.3.1 Table Metadata 1.2.3.2 Table Windows 1.2.3.3 Table Data 1.2.4 Specifying Attribute Inheritance 1.2.5 Encoding Sparse Tables 1.3 Conforming Support of DTIF 1.3.1 Conforming DTIF Receivers 1.3.1.1 Message Classes 1.3.1.2 Attribute Inheritance 1.3.1.3 Support of Valid Documents 1.3.1.4 Support of Conforming Extensions 1.3.1.5 Automated Internalization 1.3.2 Conforming DTIF Senders 1.3.3 Conforming DTIF Modifiers 1.3.4 Conformance Subsets 1.3.5 Conformance Levels 1.4 Application Private Data 1.5 Extension Policy 1.5.1 DTIF Architectural Practices 1.5.2 Extended Attributes and Data Types 1.5.3 Version Changes 1.5.3.1 Major Version Updates 1.5.3.2 Minor Version Updates 1.6 Terminology 2 DTIF Document Structure 2.1 Document Descriptor 2.2 Document Header 2.2.1 Pattern Definition 2.2.2 Color 2.2.3 Standard Pattern 2.2.4 Font Definition 2.2.5 External References 2.2.6 Language Preference Tables 2.2.6.1 Named Edit Strings 2.2.6.2 Generic Columns 3 Table Structure 3.1 Table Metadata 3.1.1 Measurement Units 3.2 Table Windows 3.3 Table Rows 3.3.1 Cell Data 3.3.1.1 Cell State 3.3.1.2 Cell Value 3.3.1.2.1 Varying Text 3.3.1.2.2 Array Definition 3.3.1.2.3 Complex Numbers 4 Generic and Table Columns 4.1 Column Attributes 4.1.1 Data Types 5 Format Attributes 5.1 Format Information 5.1.1 Format Condition 5.1.2 Pattern Number 5.1.3 Size 5.2 Format Type 5.2.1 Numeric Formats 5.2.2 Text Formats 5.2.3 Date/Time Formats 5.3 Format Flags 6 Defined Types 6.1 Date and Time 6.1.1 Relative Time 6.2 Named Value List 6.3 ASCII String 6.4 Column Number 6.5 Row Number 6.6 Cell Coordinates 6.6.1 External and Relative Cell Coordinates 6.7 Ranges 6.7.1 Range 6.7.1.1 External Cell Range 6.7.1.2 Externally Named Ranges 6.7.1.3 Cell Range 6.7.1.4 Row Range 6.7.1.5 Column Range 6.7.1.6 Named Range 6.7.2 Repeat Sequence 7 Introduction to CFE 7.1 Scope and Applicability 7.2 Requirements and Goals 7.2.1 Expressions 7.2.2 Backward Compatible Extensions 7.2.3 Modular Implementation 7.2.4 Sequential Processing 7.3 Nongoals 7.3.1 Determining Operator Precedence During Encoding 7.3.2 Evaluating Expressions 7.3.3 Encountering Unsupported Expressions 7.4 Notation Conventions 7.5 CFE Architecture 7.6 Conforming Support of CFE 7.6.0.1 Message Classes 7.6.0.2 Support of Valid Documents 7.6.0.3 Support of Conforming Extensions 7.6.1 Conforming CFE Senders 7.6.2 Conforming CFE Modifiers 7.6.3 Conformance Subsets 7.6.4 Conformance Levels 7.7 Private Data 7.8 Extension Policy 7.8.1 Extended Attributes and Data Types 7.8.2 Version Changes 7.8.2.1 Major Version Updates 7.8.2.2 Minor Version Updates 7.9 Terminology 8 Canonical Form Expressions Format 8.1 Literals 8.1.1 Integer 8.1.2 Floating-point 8.1.3 Text String 8.1.4 Date 8.1.5 Scaled Integer 8.1.6 Complex Floating-point 8.1.7 Varying Length Text 8.1.8 Relative Date 8.2 Variables 8.2.1 Cell Coordinate 8.2.2 Cell Range 8.2.3 Row Range 8.2.4 Column Range 8.2.5 Named Range 8.2.6 Column Number 8.2.7 Row Number 8.2.8 Column Name 8.2.9 Current Value 8.2.10 Identifier 8.2.11 External Cell Coordinate 8.2.12 External Cell Range 8.2.13 External Named Range 8.3 Basic Arithmetic Functions 8.3.1 Negation 8.3.2 Addition 8.3.3 Subtraction 8.3.4 Division 8.3.5 Multiplication 8.3.6 Raise to a Power 8.3.7 Unary Plus 8.3.8 Percent 8.4 Boolean and Relational Expressions 8.4.1 Conditional Expression (if-then-else) 8.4.2 Logical NOT 8.4.3 Logical AND 8.4.4 Logical OR 8.4.5 Equal To 8.4.6 Greater Than 8.4.7 Greater Than or Equal To 8.4.8 Less Than 8.4.9 Less Than or Equal To 8.4.10 Not Equal To 8.4.11 Between 8.4.12 Absolute Value 8.4.13 Modulus 8.4.14 Square Root 8.5 Statistical Functions 8.5.1 Summation (Total) 8.5.2 Average 8.5.3 Count 8.5.4 Minimum 8.5.5 Maximum 8.5.6 Standard Deviation 8.5.7 Variance 8.5.8 Biased Standard Deviation 8.5.9 Biased Variance 8.6 Conversion Functions 8.6.1 Convert to Value 8.6.2 Round to the Nearest Whole Number 8.6.3 Truncate 8.6.4 Integer 8.6.5 Decimal String 8.7 Identification Functions 8.8 String Functions 8.8.1 String Character 8.8.2 String Character Code 8.8.3 String Concatenate 8.8.4 String Extract 8.8.5 String Find Substring 8.8.6 String Fixed 8.8.7 String Format 8.8.8 Extract Substring Left 8.8.9 String Length 8.8.10 String Lowercase 8.8.11 String Pretty 8.8.12 String Proper 8.8.13 String Repeat 8.8.14 String Replace 8.8.15 String Reverse 8.8.16 Extract Substring Right 8.8.17 String Trim 8.8.18 String Uppercase 8.8.19 Contains Substring 8.8.20 String Starts With 8.9 Choose and Lookup Functions 8.9.1 Choose 8.9.2 Index 8.9.3 Vlookup 8.9.4 Hlookup 8.9.5 Table 8.9.6 Matches 8.9.7 Field In Table 8.9.8 SQL Select 8.9.9 Str-Extract Last Argument 8.10 Date/Time Functions 8.10.1 Date Day of the Week 8.10.2 Date Month Name 8.10.3 Day of the Week 8.10.4 Month Name 8.10.5 Date/Time Literal Functions 8.10.6 Date/Time Extraction Functions 8.10.7 Date Difference Functions 8.10.8 Convert Expression to Date/Time Functions 8.10.9 Date/Time Addition Functions 8.11 Cell-Related Functions 8.11.1 Error 8.11.2 Null 8.11.3 Current Row 8.11.4 Current Column 8.11.5 Current Cell 8.11.6 Row Portion of Cell Name 8.11.7 Column Portion of Cell Name 8.11.8 Constructed Cell Name 8.11.9 Count Rows 8.11.10 Count Columns 8.11.11 Cell Extract 8.11.12 Not Available 8.11.13 Not Calculatable 8.11.14 Cell Indirection 8.12 Financial Functions 8.12.1 Appreciation 8.12.2 Depreciation-Declining Balance with Crossover to Straight Line 8.12.3 Depreciation-Declining Balance 8.12.4 Depreciation-Double Declining Balance 8.12.5 Depreciation-Straight Line 8.12.6 Depreciation-Sum of Year's Digits 8.12.7 Discount 8.12.8 Future Value 8.12.9 Future Value of an Annuity 8.12.10 Future Value of a Single Sum 8.12.11 Interest Payments 8.12.12 Internal Rate of Return 8.12.13 Modified Internal Rate of Return 8.12.14 Net Present Value 8.12.15 Payback 8.12.16 Number of Periods to Achieve Future Value 8.12.17 Number of Periods Given Present Value 8.12.18 Payment Per Period Given Present Value 8.12.19 Payment Per Period to Achieve Future Value 8.12.20 Principal 8.12.21 Present Value of an Annuity 8.12.22 Present Value to Achieve Future Value 8.12.23 Interest Rate 8.12.24 Periods to Achieve Future Value 8.13 Series Functions 8.13.1 LogEst 8.13.2 Least Squares 8.13.3 Integrate 8.13.4 Sigma 8.13.5 Trend 8.14 Additional Constants 8.14.1 True 8.14.2 False 8.14.3 PI 8.15 Miscellaneous Functions 8.15.1 Random Number (Uniformly Distributed) 8.15.2 Sign 8.15.3 Parenthesized Expressions 8.15.4 Private Function 8.15.5 Field Reference 8.16 Trigonometric Functions 8.16.1 Sine 8.16.2 Cosine 8.16.3 Tangent 8.16.4 Arc Sine 8.16.5 Arc Cosine 8.16.6 Arc Tangent 8.16.7 Arc Tangent 2 8.17 Transcendental Functions 8.17.1 Log, Base 10 8.17.2 Log, Base e (Natural) 8.17.3 Antilog 8.17.4 Factorial 8.17.5 Exponent E(x) 8.18 Binary Functions 8.18.1 Arithmetic Shift Left 8.18.2 Arithmetic Shift Right 8.18.3 One's Complement 9 Introduction to ESF 9.1 Scope and Applicability 9.2 Requirements and Goals 9.2.1 Features 9.2.2 Backward Compatible Extensions 9.2.3 Modular Implementation 9.2.4 Sequential Processing 9.3 Nongoals 9.4 Notation Conventions 9.5 ESF Architecture 9.5.1 Sample Edit String 9.5.2 Repeat Sequences 9.6 Conforming Support of ESF 9.6.1 Conforming ESF Receivers 9.6.1.1 Message Classes 9.6.1.2 Support of Valid Documents 9.6.1.3 Support of Conforming Extensions 9.6.1.4 Automated Internalization 9.6.2 Conforming ESF Senders 9.6.3 Conforming ESF Modifiers 9.6.4 Conformance Subsets 9.6.5 Conformance Levels 9.7 Private Data 9.8 Extension Policy 9.8.1 Extended Attributes and Data Types 9.8.2 Version Changes 9.8.2.1 Major Version Updates 9.8.2.2 Minor Version Updates 9.9 Terminology 10 Edit String Format 10.1 Single Edit String Tags 10.2 Numeric Tags 10.2.1 Binary Digit Tag 10.2.2 Digit Separator Tag 10.2.3 Digit Separator Literal Tag 10.2.4 Decimal Digit Tag 10.2.5 Radix Point Tag 10.2.6 Radix Point Literal Tag 10.2.7 Exponent Tag 10.2.8 Zero Replace Tag 10.2.9 Currency Tag 10.2.10 Currency Literal Tag 10.2.11 Floating Blank Suppression Tag 10.2.12 Hexadecimal Digit Tag 10.2.13 Octal Digit Tag 10.2.14 Missing Separator Tag 10.2.15 Sign Indicators 10.2.15.1 Encoded Minus Tag 10.2.15.2 Encoded Plus Tag 10.2.15.3 Encoded Sign Tag 10.2.15.4 Minus Tag 10.2.15.5 Plus Tag 10.2.15.6 Sign Tag 10.2.15.7 Minus Literal Tag 10.2.15.8 Minus Literal End Tag 10.2.15.9 Plus Literal Tag 10.3 Date Time Tags 10.3.1 Am Pm Tag 10.3.2 Day Number Tag 10.3.3 Fraction Second Tag 10.3.4 Hour 12 Tag 10.3.5 Hour 24 Tag 10.3.6 Julian Digit Tag 10.3.7 Minute Tag 10.3.8 Month Number Tag 10.3.9 Second Tag 10.3.10 Week Day Name Tag 10.3.11 Year Tag 10.3.12 Abbreviated Day Name 10.3.13 Abbreviated Month Name 10.3.14 Year Separator 10.3.15 Month Separator 10.3.16 Day Separator 10.3.17 Hour Separator 10.3.18 Minute Separator 10.3.19 Second Separator 10.3.20 Fractional Second Separator 10.4 Text Tags 10.4.1 Alphabetic Tag 10.4.2 Long Text Tag 10.4.3 Lowercase Tag 10.4.4 Uppercase Tag 10.5 Other Tags 10.5.1 Any Character Tag 10.5.2 Any Case Tag 10.5.3 Logical Character Tag 10.5.4 Reverse Tag 10.5.5 String Literal Tag 10.6 Repeated Edit String Tag Sequences A Collected DTIF Syntax Diagrams B List of Language and Country Codes C Interchanging Multidimensional Documents C.1 What Is Multidimensional Data? C.2 Multidimensional Tables and Relational Tables C.3 Encoding and Decoding Multidimensional Tables C.4 A Business Example C.5 A Scientific Example D ABSTRACT SYNTAX CONVENTIONS D.1 Built-in Types and Their Operators D.1.1 Primitive Data Types D.1.2 Constructed Types D.1.3 Tagged Types D.1.4 Defined Types D.1.4.1 Universal Defined Types D.1.5 Pre-Defined Types Glossary Application . . . DDIF Defined types . . . May Metadata . . . User Will . . . Window EXAMPLES 2-1 Font Definition 3-1 Example of Varying Text Data Type 5-1 Format Info List Example 5-2 Format Condition Example 5-3 Pattern number Example 6-1 Example of Row Range 6-2 Example of a Column Range 6-3 Value Sequence Example 1 6-4 Value Sequence Example 2 7-1 Example of an Expression Encoded in CFE 8-1 Example of Text String Syntax 8-2 Example of Current Value 9-1 Example of Edit String Pattern 9-2 Edit String Repeat Sequence Figure 10-1 Example of Binary Digit Tag 10-2 Example of Digit Separator Tag with Nonnumeric Data Value 10-3 Example of Digit Separator Tag with Numeric Data Value 10-4 Example of Digit Separator Literal Tag with Nonnumeric Data Value 10-5 Example of Digit Separator Literal Tag with Numeric Data Value 10-6 Example of Decimal Digit Tag 10-7 Example of a Single Radix Point Tag 10-8 Example of Two Radix Point Tags 10-9 Example of a Single Radix Point Literal Tag 10-10 Example of Two Radix Point Literal Tags 10-11 Example of Exponent Tag 10-12 Example of Exponent Tag with Adjusted Exponent 10-13 Example of Blank Zero Replace Tag 10-14 Example of Asterisk Zero Replace Tag 10-15 Example of Multiple Currency Tags 10-16 Example of a Single Currency Tag 10-17 Example of Multiple Currency Literal Tags 10-18 Example of Single Currency Literal Tag 10-19 Example of Floating Blank Suppression Tag 10-20 Example of Hexadecimal Digit Tag 10-21 Example of Octal Digit Tag 10-22 Example of Encoded Minus Tag 10-23 Example of Encoded Plus Tag 10-24 Example of Encoded Sign Tag 10-25 Example of Multiple Minus Tags for Numeric Data 10-26 Example of a Single Minus Tag for Numeric Data 10-27 Example of a Single Minus Tag for Nonnumeric Data 10-28 Example of Multiple Plus Tags for Numeric Data 10-29 Example of a Single Plus Tag for Numeric Data 10-30 Example of a Single Plus Tag for Nonnumeric Data 10-31 Example of Multiple Sign Tags for Numeric Data 10-32 Example of a Single Sign Tag for Numeric Data 10-33 Example of a Single Sign Tag for Nonnumeric Data 10-34 Example of Minus Literal Tag at the End of a Negative Value 10-35 Example of Minus Literal Tag With a Text Literal 10-36 Example of Minus Literal Tags at the Beginning and the End of a Negative Value 10-37 Example of Plus Literal Tag with "CR" Value 10-38 Example of Plus Literal DB Tag 10-39 Example of Am Pm Tag 10-40 Example of Day Number Tag 10-41 Example of Fraction Second Tag 10-42 Example of Hour 12 Tag 10-43 Example of Hour 24 Tag 10-44 Example of Julian Digit Tag 10-45 Example of Minute Tag 10-46 Example of Month Name Tag 10-47 Example of Month Number Tag 10-48 Example of Second Tag 10-49 Example of Weekdayname Tag 10-50 Example of Year Tag 10-51 Example of Alphabetic Tag 10-52 Example of Long Text Tag 10-53 Example of Lowercase Tag 10-54 Example of an Uppercase Tag 10-55 Example of Any Character Tag 10-56 Example of Any Case Tag 10-57 Example of Multiple Logical Character Tags 10-58 Example of a Single Logical Character Tag 10-59 Example of Multiple Reverse Tags 10-60 Example of a Single Reverse Tag 10-61 Example of String Literal Tag 10-62 Example of Repeat Defined Type 10-63 Example of Edit String Coded Multiple Times FIGURES 1-1 Example of a DTIF Document 1-2 Attribute Inheritance Heirarchy 1-3 Example of a DTIF Table 1-4 Application Private Data Syntax Diagram 2-1 DTIF Document Syntax Diagram 2-2 Document Descriptor Syntax Diagram 2-3 Document Header Syntax Diagram 2-4 Pattern Definition Syntax Diagram 2-5 Color Syntax Diagram 2-6 Standard Pattern Syntax Diagram 2-7 Font Definition Syntax Diagram 2-8 External Reference Syntax Diagram 2-9 Storage System Tag Syntax Diagram 2-10 External References Index Syntax Diagram 2-11 Language Preference Table Syntax Diagram 2-12 Named Edit String Syntax Diagram 2-13 Edit String Format Syntax Diagram 3-1 Table Syntax Diagram 3-2 Table Metadata Syntax Diagram 3-3 Measurement Units Syntax Diagram 3-4 Table Window Syntax Diagram 3-5 Table Rows Syntax Diagram 3-6 Cell Data Syntax Diagram 3-7 Cell State Syntax Diagram 3-8 Cell Value Syntax Diagram 3-9 Varying Text Syntax Diagram 3-10 Array Definition Syntax Diagram 3-11 Complex Float Syntax Diagram 4-1 Column Attributes Syntax Diagram 4-2 Single or Repeat Sequence Syntax Diagram 4-3 Expression Syntax Diagram 4-4 Data Type Syntax Diagram 5-1 Format Info List Syntax Diagram 5-2 Font Number Syntax Diagram 5-3 Language Preference Index Syntax Diagram 5-4 Format Condition Syntax Diagram 5-5 Pattern Number Syntax Diagram 5-6 Measurement Syntax Diagram 5-7 Format Type Syntax Diagram 5-8 Edit String Index Syntax Diagram 5-9 Numeric Format Type Syntax Diagram 5-10 Numeric Format Precision Syntax Diagram 5-11 Predefined Text Types Syntax Diagram 5-12 Predefined Date Types Syntax Diagram 5-13 Format Flags Syntax Diagram 6-1 Date/Time Definition Syntax Diagram 6-2 Relative Time Definition Syntax Diagram 6-3 Named Value List Syntax Diagram 6-4 Named Value Tag Syntax Diagram 6-5 Value Data Syntax Diagram 6-6 ASCII String Syntax Diagram 6-7 Column Number Syntax Diagram 6-8 Row Number Syntax Diagram 6-9 Cell Coordinates Syntax Diagram 6-10 External Cell Coordinates Syntax Diagram 6-11 Range Definition Syntax Diagram 6-12 Range Syntax Diagram 6-13 External Cell Range Syntax Diagram 6-14 Externally Named Range Syntax Diagram 6-15 Cell Range Syntax Diagram 6-16 Row Range Syntax Diagram 6-17 Column Range Syntax Diagram 6-18 Named Range Syntax Diagram 6-19 Repeat Sequence Syntax Diagram 6-20 Value Sequence Syntax Diagram 7-1 Private Function Expression Syntax Diagram 7-2 Storage System Tag Syntax Diagram 7-3 Named Parameter Syntax Diagram 8-1 CFE Syntax Diagram 8-2 Expression List Syntax Diagram 8-3 Integer Syntax Diagram 8-4 Floating-Point Syntax Diagram 8-5 Text String Syntax Diagram 8-6 Text Syntax Diagram 8-7 Date Syntax Diagram 8-8 Scaled Integer Syntax Diagram 8-9 Complex Floating-Point Syntax Diagram 8-10 Complex Float Syntax Diagram 8-11 Varying Length String Syntax Diagram 8-12 Varying Text Syntax Diagram 8-13 Relative Date Syntax Diagram 8-14 Cell-Coordinate Syntax Diagram 8-15 Cell Coordinate Syntax Diagram 8-16 Cell-Range Syntax Diagram 8-17 Cell Range Syntax Diagram 8-18 Row-Range Syntax Diagram 8-19 Row Range Syntax Diagram 8-20 Column-Range Syntax Diagram 8-21 Column Range Syntax Diagram 8-22 Named-Range Syntax Diagram 8-23 Named Range Syntax Diagram 8-24 Column-Number Syntax Diagram 8-25 Column Number Syntax Diagram 8-26 Row-Number Syntax Diagram 8-27 Row Number Syntax Diagram 8-28 Column-Name Syntax Diagram 8-29 Current-Value Syntax Diagram 8-30 Identifier Syntax Diagram 8-31 Negation Syntax Diagram 8-32 Addition Syntax Diagram 8-33 Subtraction Syntax Diagram 8-34 Division Syntax Diagram 8-35 Multiplication Syntax Diagram 8-36 Raise to a Power Syntax Diagram 8-37 Unary Plus Syntax Diagram 8-38 Percent Syntax Diagram 8-39 Conditional Expression Syntax Diagram 8-40 Logical NOT Syntax Diagram 8-41 Logical AND Syntax Diagram 8-42 Logical OR Syntax Diagram 8-43 Equal To Syntax Diagram 8-44 Greater Than Syntax Diagram 8-45 Greater Than or Equal To Syntax Diagram 8-46 Less Than Syntax Diagram 8-47 Less Than or Equal To Syntax Diagram 8-48 Not Equal To Syntax Diagram 8-49 Between Syntax Diagram 8-50 Absolute Value Syntax Diagram 8-51 Modulus Syntax Diagram 8-52 Square Root Syntax Diagram 8-53 Selector List Syntax Diagram 8-54 Summation Syntax Diagram 8-55 Average Syntax Diagaram 8-56 Count Syntax Diagram 8-57 Minimum Syntax Diagram 8-58 Maximum Syntax Diagram 8-59 Standard Deviation Syntax Diagram 8-60 Variance Syntax Diagram 8-61 Biased Standard Deviation Syntax Diagram 8-62 Biased Variance Syntax Diagram 8-63 Convert to Value Syntax Diagram 8-64 Round to the Nearest Whole Number 8-65 Truncate Syntax Diagram 8-66 Integer Syntax Diagram 8-67 Decimal-String Syntax Diagram 8-68 Decimal String Syntax Diagram 8-69 Identification Syntax Diagram 8-70 String Character Syntax Diagram 8-71 String Character Code Syntax Diagram 8-72 String Concatenate Syntax Diagram 8-73 String Extract Syntax Diagram 8-74 String Find Substring Syntax Diagram 8-75 String Fixed Syntax Diagram 8-76 String Edit Syntax Diagram 8-77 Edit String Syntax Diagram 8-78 Extract Substring Left Syntax Diagram 8-79 String Length Syntax Diagram 8-80 String Lowercase Syntax Diagram 8-81 String Pretty Syntax Diagram 8-82 String Proper Syntax Diagram 8-83 String Repeat Syntax Diagram 8-84 String Replace Syntax Diagram 8-85 String Reverse Syntax Diagram 8-86 Extract Substring Right Syntax Diagram 8-87 String Trim Syntax Diagram 8-88 String Uppercase Syntax Diagram 8-89 Contains Substring Syntax Diagram 8-90 String Starts With Syntax Diagram 8-91 Choose Syntax Diagram 8-92 Index Syntax Diagram 8-93 VLookup Syntax Diagram 8-94 Hlookup Syntax Diagram 8-95 Table Syntax Diagram 8-96 Matches Syntax Diagram 8-97 Field in Table Syntax Diagram 8-98 SQL Select Syntax Diagram 8-99 Date Day of the Week Syntax Diagram 8-100 Date Month Name Syntax Diagram 8-101 Day of the Week Syntax Diagram 8-102 Month Name Syntax Diagram 8-103 Date/Time Literal Functions Syntax Diagram 8-104 Date/Time Extraction Functions Syntax Diagram 8-105 Date Difference Functions Syntax Diagram 8-106 Convert Expression to Date/Time Functions Syntax Diagram 8-107 Date/Time Addition Functions Syntax Diagram 8-108 Error Syntax Diagram 8-109 Null Syntax Diagram 8-110 Current Row Syntax Diagram 8-111 Current Column Syntax Diagram 8-112 Current Cell Syntax Diagram 8-113 Cell Row Syntax Diagram 8-114 Cell Column Syntax Diagram 8-115 Cell Name Syntax Diagram 8-116 Count Rows Syntax Diagram 8-117 Count Columns Syntax Diagram 8-118 Cell Extract Syntax Diagram 8-119 Not Available Syntax Diagram 8-120 Not Calculatable Syntax Diagram 8-121 Cell Indirect Syntax Diagram 8-122 Appreciation Syntax Diagram 8-123 Depreciation Crossover to Straight Line Syntax Diagram 8-124 Depreciation Declining Balance Syntax Diagram 8-125 Depreciation Double Declining Balance Syntax Diagram 8-126 Depreciation Straight Line Syntax Diagram 8-127 Depreciation-Sum of Year's Digits Syntax Diagram 8-128 Discount Syntax Diagram 8-129 Future Value Syntax Diagram 8-130 Future Value of an Annuity Syntax Diagram 8-131 Future Value of a Single Sum Syntax Diagram 8-132 Interest Payments Syntax Diagram 8-133 Internal Rate of Return Syntax Diagram 8-134 Modified Internal Rate of Return Syntax Diagram 8-135 Net Present Value Syntax Diagram 8-136 Payback Syntax Diagram 8-137 Number of Periods to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram 8-138 Number of Periods Given Present Value Syntax Diagram 8-139 Payment Per Period Given Present Value Syntax Diagram 8-140 Payment Per Period to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram 8-141 Principal Syntax Diagram 8-142 Present Value of an Annuity Syntax Diagram 8-143 Present Value to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram 8-144 Interest Rate Syntax Diagram 8-145 Periods to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram 8-146 LogEst Syntax Diagram 8-147 Least Squares Syntax Diagram 8-148 Integrate Syntax Diagram 8-149 Sigma Syntax Diagram 8-150 Trend Syntax Diagram 8-151 True Syntax Diagram 8-152 False Syntax Diagram 8-153 PI Syntax Diagram 8-154 Random Number Syntax Diagram 8-155 Sign Syntax Diagram 8-156 Parenthesized Syntax Diagram 8-157 Parenthesized Expressions Syntax Diagram 8-158 Private Function Syntax Diagram 8-159 Field Reference Syntax Diagram 8-160 Field Reference Syntax Diagram 8-161 Context Variable Syntax Diagram 8-162 Sine Syntax Diagram 8-163 Cosine Syntax Diagram 8-164 Tangent Syntax Diagram 8-165 Arc Sine Syntax Diagram 8-166 Arc Cosine Syntax Diagram 8-167 Arc Tangent Syntax Diagram 8-168 Arc Tangent 2 Syntax Diagram 8-169 Log, Base 10 Syntax Diagram 8-170 Log, Base E Syntax Diagram 8-171 Antilog Syntax Diagram 8-172 Factorial Syntax Diagram 8-173 Exponent E(x) Syntax Diagram 8-174 Arithmetic Shift Left Syntax Diagram 8-175 Arithmetic Shift Right Syntax Diagram 8-176 One's Complement Syntax Diagram 9-1 Sample Notation Conventions 9-2 Application Private Edit String Syntax Diagram 10-1 Edit String Syntax Diagram 10-2 Edit String Buffer Syntax Diagram 10-3 Single Syntax Diagram 10-4 Repeat Syntax Diagram A-1 Object Descriptor Syntax Diagram A-2 Latin1-String Syntax Diagram A-3 Text-String Syntax Diagram A-4 Character String Syntax Diagram A-5 Application Private Data Syntax Diagram A-6 DTIF Document Syntax Diagram A-7 Document Descriptor Syntax Diagram A-8 Document Header Syntax Diagram A-9 Pattern Definition Syntax Diagram A-10 Color Syntax Diagram A-11 Standard Pattern Syntax Diagram A-12 Font Definition Syntax Diagram A-13 External Reference Syntax Diagram A-14 Storage System Tag Syntax Diagram A-15 External References Index Syntax Diagram A-16 Language Preference Table Syntax Diagram A-17 Named Edit String Syntax Diagram A-18 Edit String Format Syntax Diagram A-19 Table Syntax Diagram A-20 Table Metadata Syntax Diagram A-21 Measurement Units Syntax Diagram A-22 Table Window Syntax Diagram A-23 Table Rows Syntax Diagram A-24 Cell Data Syntax Diagram A-25 Cell State Syntax Diagram A-26 Cell Value Syntax Diagram A-27 Varying Text Syntax Diagram A-28 Array Definition Syntax Diagram A-29 Complex Float Syntax Diagram A-30 Column Attributes Syntax Diagram A-31 Single or Repeat Sequence Syntax Diagram A-32 Expression Syntax Diagram A-33 Data Type Syntax Diagram A-34 Format Info List Syntax Diagram A-35 Font Number Syntax Diagram A-36 Language Preference Index Syntax Diagram A-37 Date/Time Definition Syntax Diagram A-38 Relative Time Definition Syntax Diagram A-39 Named Value List Syntax Diagram A-40 Named Value Tag Syntax Diagram A-41 Value Data Syntax Diagram A-42 ASCII String Syntax Diagram A-43 Column Number Syntax Diagram A-44 Row Number Syntax Diagram A-45 Cell Coordinates Syntax Diagram A-46 External Cell Coordinates Syntax Diagram A-47 Range Definition Syntax Diagram A-48 Range Syntax Diagram A-49 External Cell Range Syntax Diagram A-50 Externally Named Range Syntax Diagram A-51 Cell Range Syntax Diagram A-52 Row Range Syntax Diagram A-53 Column Range Syntax Diagram A-54 Named Range Syntax Diagram A-55 Repeat Sequence Syntax Diagram A-56 Value Sequence Syntax Diagram A-57 Private Function Expression Syntax Diagram A-58 Storage System Tag Syntax Diagram A-59 Named Parameter Syntax Diagram A-60 CFE Syntax Diagram A-61 Expression List Syntax Diagram A-62 Integer Syntax Diagram A-63 Floating-Point Syntax Diagram A-64 Text String Syntax Diagram A-65 Text Syntax Diagram A-66 Date Syntax Diagram A-67 Scaled Integer Syntax Diagram A-68 Complex Floating-Point Syntax Diagram A-69 Complex Float Syntax Diagram A-70 Varying Length String Syntax Diagram A-71 Varying Text Syntax Diagram A-72 Relative Date Syntax Diagram A-73 Cell-Coordinate Syntax Diagram A-74 Cell Coordinate Syntax Diagram A-75 Cell-Range Syntax Diagram A-76 Cell Range Syntax Diagram A-77 Row-Range Syntax Diagram A-78 Row Range Syntax Diagram A-79 Column-Range Syntax Diagram A-80 Column Range Syntax Diagram A-81 Named-Range Syntax Diagram A-82 Named Range Syntax Diagram A-83 Column-Number Syntax Diagram A-84 Column Number Syntax Diagram A-85 Row-Number Syntax Diagram A-86 Row Number Syntax Diagram A-87 Column-Name Syntax Diagram A-88 Current-Value Syntax Diagram A-89 Identifier Syntax Diagram A-90 Negation Syntax Diagram A-91 Addition Syntax Diagram A-92 Subtraction Syntax Diagram A-93 Division Syntax Diagram A-94 Multiplication Syntax Diagram A-95 Raise to a Power Syntax Diagram A-96 Unary Plus Syntax Diagram A-97 Percent Syntax Diagram A-98 Conditional Expression Syntax Diagram A-99 Logical NOT Syntax Diagram A-100 Logical AND Syntax Diagram A-101 Logical OR Syntax Diagram A-102 Equal To Syntax Diagram A-103 Greater Than Syntax Diagram A-104 Greater Than or Equal To Syntax Diagram A-105 Less Than Syntax Diagram A-106 Less Than or Equal To Syntax Diagram A-107 Not Equal To Syntax Diagram A-108 Between Syntax Diagram A-109 Absolute Value Syntax Diagram A-110 Modulus Syntax Diagram A-111 Square Root Syntax Diagram A-112 Selector List Syntax Diagram A-113 Summation Syntax Diagram A-114 Average Syntax Diagaram A-115 Count Syntax Diagram A-116 Minimum Syntax Diagram A-117 Maximum Syntax Diagram A-118 Standard Deviation Syntax Diagram A-119 Variance Syntax Diagram A-120 Convert to Value Syntax Diagram A-121 Round to the Nearest Whole Number A-122 Truncate Syntax Diagram A-123 Integer Syntax Diagram A-124 Decimal-String Syntax Diagram A-125 Decimal String Syntax Diagram A-126 Identification Syntax Diagram A-127 String Character Syntax Diagram A-128 String Character Code Syntax Diagram A-129 String Concatenate Syntax Diagram A-130 String Extract Syntax Diagram A-131 String Find Substring Syntax Diagram A-132 String Fixed Syntax Diagram A-133 String Edit Syntax Diagram A-134 Edit String Syntax Diagram A-135 Extract Substring Left Syntax Diagram A-136 String Length Syntax Diagram A-137 String Lowercase Syntax Diagram A-138 String Pretty Syntax Diagram A-139 String Proper Syntax Diagram A-140 String Repeat Syntax Diagram A-141 String Replace Syntax Diagram A-142 String Reverse Syntax Diagram A-143 Extract Substring Right Syntax Diagram A-144 String Trim Syntax Diagram A-145 String Uppercase Syntax Diagram A-146 Contains Substring Syntax Diagram A-147 String Starts With Syntax Diagram A-148 Choose Syntax Diagram A-149 Index Syntax Diagram A-150 VLookup Syntax Diagram A-151 Hlookup Syntax Diagram A-152 Table Syntax Diagram A-153 Matches Syntax Diagram A-154 Field in Table Syntax Diagram A-155 Date Day of the Week Syntax Diagram A-156 Date Month Name Syntax Diagram A-157 Day of the Week Syntax Diagram A-158 Month Name Syntax Diagram A-159 Date/Time Literal Functions Syntax Diagram A-160 Date/Time Extraction Functions Syntax Diagram A-161 Date Difference Functions Syntax Diagram A-162 Convert Expression to Date/Time Functions Syntax Diagram A-163 Date/Time Addition Functions Syntax Diagram A-164 Error Syntax Diagram A-165 Null Syntax Diagram A-166 Current Row Syntax Diagram A-167 Current Column Syntax Diagram A-168 Current Cell Syntax Diagram A-169 Cell Row Syntax Diagram A-170 Cell Column Syntax Diagram A-171 Cell Name Syntax Diagram A-172 Count Rows Syntax Diagram A-173 Count Columns Syntax Diagram A-174 Cell Extract Syntax Diagram A-175 Not Available Syntax Diagram A-176 Not Calculatable Syntax Diagram A-177 Cell Indirect Syntax Diagram A-178 Appreciation Syntax Diagram A-179 Depreciation Crossover to Straight Line Syntax Diagram A-180 Depreciation Declining Balance Syntax Diagram A-181 Depreciation Double Declining Balance Syntax Diagram A-182 Depreciation Straight Line Syntax Diagram A-183 Depreciation-Sum of Year's Digits Syntax Diagram A-184 Discount Syntax Diagram A-185 Future Value Syntax Diagram A-186 Future Value of an Annuity Syntax Diagram A-187 Future Value of a Single Sum Syntax Diagram A-188 Interest Payments Syntax Diagram A-189 Internal Rate of Return Syntax Diagram A-190 Modified Internal Rate of Return Syntax Diagram A-191 Net Present Value Syntax Diagram A-192 Payback Syntax Diagram A-193 Number of Periods to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram A-194 Number of Periods Given Present Value Syntax Diagram A-195 Payment Per Period Given Present Value Syntax Diagram A-196 Payment Per Period to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram A-197 Principal Syntax Diagram A-198 Present Value of an Annuity Syntax Diagram A-199 Present Value to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram A-200 Interest Rate Syntax Diagram A-201 Periods to Achieve Future Value Syntax Diagram A-202 LogEst Syntax Diagram A-203 Least Squares Syntax Diagram A-204 Integrate Syntax Diagram A-205 Sigma Syntax Diagram A-206 Trend Syntax Diagram A-207 True Syntax Diagram A-208 False Syntax Diagram A-209 PI Syntax Diagram A-210 Random Number Syntax Diagram A-211 Sign Syntax Diagram A-212 Parenthesized Syntax Diagram A-213 Parenthesized Expressions Syntax Diagram A-214 Private Function Syntax Diagram A-215 Field Reference Syntax Diagram A-216 Field Reference Syntax Diagram A-217 Context Variable Syntax Diagram A-218 Sine Syntax Diagram A-219 Cosine Syntax Diagram A-220 Tangent Syntax Diagram A-221 Arc Sine Syntax Diagram A-222 Arc Cosine Syntax Diagram A-223 Arc Tangent Syntax Diagram A-224 Arc Tangent 2 Syntax Diagram A-225 Log, Base 10 Syntax Diagram A-226 Log, Base E Syntax Diagram A-227 Antilog Syntax Diagram A-228 Factorial Syntax Diagram A-229 Exponent E(x) Syntax Diagram A-230 Arithmetic Shift Left Syntax Diagram A-231 Arithmetic Shift Right Syntax Diagram A-232 One's Complement Syntax Diagram A-233 Application Private Edit String Syntax Diagram A-234 Edit String Syntax Diagram A-235 Edit String Buffer Syntax Diagram A-236 Single Syntax Diagram A-237 Repeat Syntax Diagram C-1 Multidimensional Data Set-Sales C-2 Multidimensional Data Mapped to Three-Dimensional Coordinates C-3 Coordinate Cells from Sample Cube D-1 Object Descriptor Syntax Diagram TABLES 1-1 Values for DTIF Revision Version Items 2-1 Language/Dialect List 2-2 XLFD Font name Fields 10-1 Encoded, or Overpunched Sign Character B-1 List of Two-letter Language and Country Symbols C-1 Relational Table for the Multidimensional Data Set Sales